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Childproofing a Swimming Pool to Avoid a Baby Choking

Childproofing a Swimming Pool to Avoid a Baby Choking

Photo of Greta

by Greta Kviklyte

Life Saver, AMC
Co-authored by Kim Murray, RN, M.S.

posted on May 29, 2022, at 4:56 am

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Summer months lead to swimming pool season around the world. If you are a parent and owner of a pool, either in-ground or above ground, you want to childproof the entire area to avoid baby choking. Help save a child from drowning or other choking hazards in your swimming pool by using a variety of protective barriers and preventative measures.

These solutions are ideally suited for toddlers and kids who are not old enough to take care of themselves around water. Also, in the case of an emergency, be prepared to handle situations like a baby choking on water or pool toys.

Find out what kind of tools you need, along with infant CPR devices, to save a child in danger around a swimming pool.

Start With the Child

avoid-baby-choking-swim-with-arm-floatiesBefore you begin installing fencing or spending hundreds of dollars on wearable devices, consider who you are protecting here. If you are childproofing for an infant who is barely walking, then you can wait for the swimming lessons. However, if you have a five-year-old entering kindergarten, now is the perfect time to take them for their first year of swimming lessons.

The more comfortable a child is with the swimming pool, the safer they will be since panicking will be replaced by playtime. A child also needs to know how to react when in water, especially in an emergency. By learning how to swim and float early on, young swimmers are better suited for life in and around swimming pools.

Childproofing a Pool to avoid Baby Choking: Layers of Protection

There are several steps to childproofing a swimming pool, including an above-ground pool. Take a look at the fencing and gates you have put up around your pool area and around the swimming pool. Also, invest in alarms and wearable devices to improve the way you monitor your child and the swimming pool area at large.

These together can save lives and give you peace of mind and security about safely using your swimming pool. If you do have a baby choking and are required to provide CPR, you also want to have these necessary tools on hand:

CPR, AED, and First Aid Certification Courses

You can train to become CPR certified to handle a baby choking right now. This is available for:

Learn exactly how to save a baby from choking on water or other choking hazards while swimming by using lifesaving skills to remove an airway obstruction. The Advanced Medical Certification courses are all Postgraduate Institute for Medicine accredited for Category 1 CME certifications.

AED Machines

An AED machine is a portable system that will shock a person back to life if they are suffering from cardiac arrest due to airway obstruction. If your child has been struck by lightning or shocked in an electrical storm while swimming, this is essential. Other reasons why you need an AED machine at your swimming pool include preventing someone from having a heart attack caused by overheating, overexertion, nearly drowning, etc.

The use of an AED machine often plays a role in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) efforts. If the individual appears to have no heartbeat or is lifeless, the AED machine might be the only way to get their heart pumping again. The AED machine transmits an electrical current to the victim, which then shocks the system. The hope is that this shock combined with the use of mouth-to-mouth CPR will bring the person back to life.

CPR Masks for a Baby Choking

The last preventative device that is part of any swimming pool CPR kit is the CPR mask for an infant. This might be the best tool you include in your equipment. Children have small mouths, and it is often difficult to make a good seal with an infant’s mouth when performing CPR on a baby choking.

This is where an infant CPR mask corrects positioning when conducting mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Choosing the infant size of a CPR mask to use on a baby choking is important when purchasing equipment to childproof a pool. You also want to have additional sizes of CPR masks for teens and adults, as well as for seniors. The mask is worn by the drowning victim.

Bag Valve Masks for CPR

Another type of mask you might want to invest in is called a bag valve mask or BVM. This is a resuscitation mask that features a bag to push air into the person’s lungs. You can use this instead of having to actively breathe into the victim’s lungs yourself. This could be a great addition to any CPR kit for a swimming pool.

Pool Cleanup and Storage

Take a look at how you manage pool cleanup after a swimming session. Do you have a place to store pool toys or do you leave these spread out everywhere? Keep them picked up and remove anything exciting from the swimming pool area. Otherwise, you risk having your child run out when you are not looking so they can get their favorite toy.

This also protects your pool liner from being torn due to haphazard items that find their way into the water. Consider having a separate storage shed or pool house constructed for storing pool toys and items. Also, at the end of every swimming session, conduct a routine cleanup. This covers:

  • Remove pool ladders
  • Cover the pool surface
  • Inspect rescue gear
  • Remove any toys or trash
  • Replace any drain covers
  • Lock gates and pool house doors
  • Turn off the pool lights

By doing these tasks after each swimming session, everyone in the household works together to “close the pool” and is fully aware that this is happening. No more swimming for the day once the pool is closed–which is a great way to keep younger nonverbal kids from running out to the pool “after hours.”

Fencing and Gates

Many barriers are the best way to keep your toddler from accidentally falling into the swimming pool. Start by erecting a perimeter fence that surrounds the entire pool area. This is often a requirement by city inspectors before a pool can pass a permit inspection. The fence must include a gate for entry, and there needs to be a safety latch and locking mechanism on the gate door.

Wooden fencing is the general choice for most pool owners, as the wood is more natural and easier to maintain for privacy purposes around a swimming pool. If you go with chain link fencing, everyone can still see you when they drive or walk by your swimming pool. You want to avoid this for security and safety after hours at your swimming pool.

Next, for your infant, install a barrier around the swimming pool’s perimeter. This will be a secondary fence that can be removed more easily once the child outgrows it. A barrier needs to be at least four feet tall to ensure that a toddler cannot easily make their way over it, according to Lowe’s, with gaps less than three inches wide between the slats.

With more than one fence, including a perimeter fence and pool fence, you create a corridor where your child can safely stay out of the pool. Choose a temporary barrier that can be removed when the smaller children are not present at the swimming pool, or as they grow older and you are no longer worried about them being a baby choking.

Security Cameras for Swimming Pools

Today, every household on any budget can devise a protection system for their pool thanks to the wonders of the Internet of Things (IoT) and video surveillance technology. Install several safety cameras that indicate movement in and around the pool when nobody is outside. These include video cameras with motion detection and the night vision to ensure the greatest level of security. Or go all out with a personal home security monitoring system to watch over any exits where your infant can accidentally get to the pool.

Door and window alarms are a must if you are a swimming pool owner. You can use something as simple as a weather-resistant HD security camera tool that connects to an app on your smartphone. Install security cameras around the windows and doorways, especially if you have a patio or back entrance from your house out to the pool area. This could be a lifesaver for parents of quiet or sneaky children who tend to wander and might end up in the pool alone.

Pool Alarms and Wearable Devices

avoid-baby-choking-kids-summer-swimming-with-floatersIn the world of wearable devices and security alarms, swimming pool owners have it a lot easier these days. There are so many items to choose from, including pool alarms for:

  • Underwater motion detection
  • Floating motion detection
  • Infrared detection
  • Wearable motion detection
  • Pool fence intruder detection

In order to protect against a child falling into the pool when you are not watching this happen, install a variety of these pool alarms in your swimming pool.

Highlight: Safety Turtle 2.0 Pool Alarm for Kids

One super cute wearable water detector is the Safety Turtle 2.0 Pool Alarm. A child will need to wear a wristband that comes with a wearable water detector. This is useful when you are cleaning the pool or otherwise have a child with you near the pool area. Simply slip the cute turtle embellished stretchy wristband over their arm. The alarm sounds when the child gets too close to the swimming pool, or if they are ready to jump in the water.

Total Cost of Childproofing a Swimming Pool

The wearable water detector is the only type that must be actively worn in order for this alarm to be triggered. The rest of these pool alarms depend on movements in the water or around the swimming pool. Here is where you can add a ton of safety to your swimming pool with a total childproofing setup. The motion detectors are ideally suited to most homeowners’ budgets, too, with the total price for everything together at around $700.

CPR and Rescue Equipment

In the instance that you do have a child who is drowning or choking while at the swimming pool, there are plenty of lifesaving methods to use. Start with the basic CPR for cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Rescue equipment is also a must for any swimming pool. This can include any range of items like:

  • Life hooks
  • Rescue boards
  • Rescue tubes
  • Backboards
  • Ring buoys
  • First aid kit

Also, when you have young swimmers, make sure to have the right size of life vests, earplugs, nose plugs, and other gear. When everyone has the essentials to protect themselves while swimming, there will be fewer accidents in the pool.

Child Safety at the Pool and at Home

How to handle a child emergency at a pool is critical in saving a young swimmer’s life. At the same time, preventing child injuries in the home environment is just as essential. Both being prepared for emergencies and implementing injury prevention measures play a critical role in ensuring the safety and well-being of children.

Get CPR, AED, and First Aid Certified

At Advanced Medical Certification, we have CPR, AED, and First Aid Certification Courses online at an affordable rate. The courses include For Life Certifications that are good for the rest of your life. Prepare today to protect a baby choking incident from happening at your swimming pool with AMC For Life Certifications. Contact us to start your online certification courses and CPR training for saving the lives of children at your swimming pool now. Share your wisdom and thoughts about the safety of pool areas in the comments below or join a Facebook discussion about it.

About Greta

Greta is a dedicated life saver and a distinguished expert in the field of medical content creation and editing. Her impressive array of certifications in ACLS, CPR, PALS, and BLS underscores her commitment to excellence in the medical field. With over four years of invaluable experience in medical education, Greta plays an indispensable role within the Advanced Medical Certification team, shaping the way healthcare professionals around the world acquire and apply vital knowledge.

Greta's profound expertise serves as the driving force behind the development and distribution of medical content that has significantly enhanced the capabilities of countless healthcare practitioners across the globe.

In addition to her medical qualifications, Greta holds a prestigious academic distinction in Marketing and Global Business from Vilnius University. Her academic journey has been enriched by immersive studies in Slovakia and Portugal during her time as an exchange student, providing her with a global perspective that complements her medical expertise.

Beyond her professional commitments, Greta possesses a genuine passion for global exploration, with a particular focus on immersing herself in diverse cultures and appreciating the intricacies of the natural world. While residing in Vilnius, Lithuania, she continues to make substantial contributions to the field of medical education, leaving an indelible mark on the sector.

Reach out to Greta at greta.kviklyte@advmedcert.com.

What is ACLS Certification for Life?

What is ACLS Certification for Life?

Photo of Greta

by Greta Kviklyte

Life Saver, AMC
Co-authored by Kim Murray, RN, M.S.

posted on Apr 27, 2022, at 7:46 am

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As nurses and first responders, it is important to have all of the resources and skills, as well as provider cards and training necessary to save someone’s life. This is where the ACLS Certification (Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support) is essential. ACLS Certification is a simple way to ensure you are up-to-date on your pediatric and adult CPR and advanced cardiovascular life support.

By upgrading to the ACLS Certification for Life, you are also getting even more support with your training. Busy professionals maintain their medical skills for their careers by training on our convenient online portal. Everything is managed online, and once you have completed your certification exams successfully, you receive a professionally printed provider card in the mail.

Keep in mind you are not required to get the ACLS Certification for Life in order to be certified. However, by choosing to bundle your ACLS Certification online with a lifetime option, you set yourself up for success. Each year you receive information telling you about when to go online and recertify with your ACLS Certification. This keeps you on track and ensures you never let your training expire.

Best of all, you don’t have to manage this training as any new information or requirements are provided for you. This saves professionals a lot of time and headache in maintaining certifications, especially in the wake of COVID. By choosing to go online for certification you are also avoiding the hassle of in-person training and examinations. Protect yourself and reduce your exposure to others with the use of online training for Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support.

As you get started, notice the ACLS Certification for Life refers to a bundle of training for life that includes:

  • Advanced Cardiac Life Support
  • Basic Life Support
  • CPR, AED, and First Aid
  • Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS)

By selecting the bundled ACLS Certification for Life, you have the information needed to maintain proper training and certification in all of these areas. This is a huge asset for lifeguards, medical responders, and individuals who work with trauma victims. Getting all of this training for Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support in one place is also a time saver. Forget having to track down different providers for your CPR and Pediatric Advanced Life Support. Those are included in this selection of bundled certifications. Whether you are in the market for ACLS Certification for nurses or simply ACLS Certification online, we are ready to assist you with the Certification for Life bundle.

Benefits of ACLS Certification for Life for Your Career

doctor-wearing-eye-glasses-infront-of-laptop-and-holding-a-penThe main reason why you would want ACLS Certification for Life is to save time and money. By bundling the four different types of medical life support training and certification, you do both. Here at Advanced Medical Certification, we provide customers with the tools and resources for each of the areas of ACLS Certification for Life. From there, we set you up with a recurring annual reminder to maintain your ACLS Certification for Life. Never forget to recertify for your First Aid and Basic Life Support training, or your ACLS training for adults and pediatric victims.

You also improve your work performance and are better suited for your job as a nurse. The Advanced Medical Certification meets CME requirements in a number of areas. You are able to be certified and recertified like clockwork with online classes. Show up on Day One with your ACLS Certification for Life by Advanced Medical Certification and be more than prepared for the tasks at hand. We ensure you have the medical training necessary to continue to do your professional job with the greatest success.

In the medical field, this is not just a requirement but part of saving lives. You want to have the latest information regarding Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support. This is, in addition to CPR, AED, and First Aid, in order to protect patients during lifesaving crises. The easier the process of gaining ACLS Certification and recertification online, the more likely you will be able to maintain your certification as a professional. We understand that your life and job are already tough, stressful, and busy.

By offering online ACLS Certification for Life, we help you avoid friction and needless searching for information about in-person training. Everything is provided for you online. This reduces any need for in-person training and therefore makes it simpler to train in your own time and environment. Set up a training dummy and utilize exercise materials to create in-person hands-on training as needed. However, forgetting your ACLS Certification updated, the online training session is all that is required.

As you prepare for your work career in trauma or as a hospice nurse, having certification will offer you many benefits. The purpose of having a life support training program at your disposal online is extensive. When working as a travel nurse or in another profession, you need to have a way to train on the go. Online training for ACLS is the premier way to stay on track with your work goals while maintaining the skills needed to save lives. Choose ACLS Certification Online for Life and have everything set up for the remainder of your medical career. Training will be managed for you on our online portal, and you have easy access to a bevy of tools and resources.

What is Basic Life Support (BLS) Training

Another element of the ACLS Certification for Life training is Basic Life Support (BLS) training. This is not lifelong training and recertification. Instead, the BLS medical training leads to certification to provide basic life support in medical emergencies. In a BLS course, students are taught how to react in life-threatening emergencies.

From here, you learn how to perform CPR on adults, as well as infants and children. High-risk patients, including seniors who require hands-on gentle care, are some of the most targeted demographic when it comes to basic life support training. If you work with an at-risk population more likely to suffer from cardiovascular distress, the Basic Life Support Training is highly advisable.

During BLS Training, we learn the key survival and other BLS skills. This includes the use of an AED and ventilation using barrier devices. A Basic Life Support Training course will also provide professionals with multi-rescuer resuscitation for more improved teamwork in an emergency situation. This is key to successful multi-rescuer CPR in the real world.

Why Choose BLS Training by AMC

woman-wearing-headset-infront-of-laptop-holding-a-penDevelop your skills when removing foreign-body airway obstruction, also known as choking, with the experience you gain in Basic Life Support Training. Whether you work in a hospital or nursing home, you are able to maintain your skills with ACLS Certification for Life. Our BLS Certification is part and parcel of the ACLS Certification for Life offer.

This medical training is required by most professionals, who are dedicated to saving lives and helping the community at large. Decide today to begin your training for medical professionals online with our ACLS Certification for Life. We have the tools and resources you need to get on board with BLS training and other invaluable forms of medical training today. Whether you have just graduated from a medical college or you are ready to begin school, we want to be a part of your journey.

Students and medical professionals alike depend on Advanced Medical Certification to make the most of their training. Set yourself up for success with the right Basic Life Support Training and ACLS Certification for Life today.

How to Get Started With Certification for Life by AMC

Advanced Medical Certification offers Certifications for Life for anyone who is interested in becoming a lifelong lifesaver. Whether you are in the medical industry today, or you are working with a group of students involved in ambulance driving, there is always a need for life-saving skills. Certification for Life by AMC is both affordable and accommodating. Everything you need to learn CPR and First Aid, as well as Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support is provided in our training modules. This online training is easy to access from anywhere at any time. Maintain your science-based skills and become a carded ACLS member with our resources.

After you successfully complete your certification for ACLS, Advanced Medical Certification will print a physical provider card and mail it to you. This provider card will arrive in five to seven business days. The card may take up to three weeks if you are using an international mailing address. Your provider card is valid for up to two years once you have passed your ACLS Certification. Now that you are signed up for ACLS Certification for Life, you no longer have to worry so much about maintaining certification whether you work in the US or abroad. If you are traveling as a nurse, for example, you can easily pick up your training any time from anywhere with our online portal. The training that we provide through AMC is extensive and professional and will ensure you maintain your work credentials.

Will My ACLS Certification Expire

A common question that is asked about certification is whether an individual can retake certification training, if they did not pass the exam the first time, or if they have allowed their ACLS Certification to expire. Yes, you can! In fact, even if you have had an expired ACLS Certification, with the ACLS Certification for Life, you are able to log into the AMC system and retake the exam at any time. An expired ACLS Certification is not an issue for you.

Will your ACLS Certification be accepted from coast to coast? Yes, all Advanced Medical Certification training and provider cards are accepted by employers all throughout the US and internationally. In fact, AMC has a 98 percent acceptance rate by employers nationally. As a result, there is the chance you may not be eligible when using AMC’s ACLS Certification for Life.

Is AMC ACLS Certification for Life Suitable for My Job

Please check with your employer to confirm your ACLS Certification source if need be. However, whether you are a nurse, pharmacist, physician, or EMT, you are more than able to use the AMC resources including ACLS Certification for medical training.

Purchase ACLS Certification for Life today and ensure you have everything necessary for starting your job in the medical field. If you are already an employed nurse or medical professional, depend on ACLS Certification Online by Advanced Medical Certification training to see you throughout your career.

Thanks to the ease and convenience of our quick and professional online ACLS and Basic Life Support Training, you can maintain your licensing requirements in no time at all. The online module allows students and professionals to learn and pass exams for certification in any location, at any time. Your busy workload as a doctor is not an issue when it comes to staying on top of your professional training.

Choose AMC for ACLS Certification for Life

Begin medical training with Advanced Medical Certification and sign up for ACLS Certification for Life today. Thanks to our outstanding offer of the AMC for life bundle, everything needed for your training is included–for life. The For Life Bundle by AMC features ACLS for Life, PALS for Life, and BLS for Life. The PALS Course option includes Pediatric Advanced Life Support for the smallest and youngest of patients. Get started with AMC and ACLS Certification for Life by calling 877-822-0375 or contact us online to find out more information about certification requirements. Share your thoughts in the comments section below or in the Facebook community.

About Greta

Greta is a dedicated life saver and a distinguished expert in the field of medical content creation and editing. Her impressive array of certifications in ACLS, CPR, PALS, and BLS underscores her commitment to excellence in the medical field. With over four years of invaluable experience in medical education, Greta plays an indispensable role within the Advanced Medical Certification team, shaping the way healthcare professionals around the world acquire and apply vital knowledge.

Greta's profound expertise serves as the driving force behind the development and distribution of medical content that has significantly enhanced the capabilities of countless healthcare practitioners across the globe.

In addition to her medical qualifications, Greta holds a prestigious academic distinction in Marketing and Global Business from Vilnius University. Her academic journey has been enriched by immersive studies in Slovakia and Portugal during her time as an exchange student, providing her with a global perspective that complements her medical expertise.

Beyond her professional commitments, Greta possesses a genuine passion for global exploration, with a particular focus on immersing herself in diverse cultures and appreciating the intricacies of the natural world. While residing in Vilnius, Lithuania, she continues to make substantial contributions to the field of medical education, leaving an indelible mark on the sector.

Reach out to Greta at greta.kviklyte@advmedcert.com.

10 Things You May Not Know About CPR

10 Things You May Not Know About CPR

Photo of Greta

by Greta Kviklyte

Life Saver, AMC
Co-authored by Kim Murray, RN, M.S.

posted on Mar 18, 2022, at 6:10 am

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Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an important emergency lifesaving technique that can be used when somebody’s heart suddenly stops beating. If given right away, CPR can double or even triple the chances that someone will survive cardiac arrest.

Whether you are a professional rescuer, future health care professional, or simply a layperson who is interested in CPR and first aid training, it’s helpful to educate yourself about this lifesaving technique and be aware of some common but perhaps surprising facts. With this in mind, here are ten things you forgot or might not know about CPR:

1. State laws exist that protect lay rescuers.

young-lady-doing-hands-compression-to-an-unconscious-man.All 50 U.S. states have some variation of what is known as “Good Samaritan” laws. These laws provide legal protection to non-professional rescuers who give CPR to people suffering from cardiac arrest.

A layperson is considered a Good Samaritan if they are trying to help someone in distress, are not being specifically compensated for performing CPR, and are acting reasonably (i.e., not engaging in gross misconduct or doing something that a reasonable person would not do).

While many individuals feel that they have a moral or ethical obligation to attempt to revive someone using CPR and other first aid techniques, non-professional rescuers have no legal obligation to give someone CPR, at least in most states. And according to the course providers, no lay rescuer has ever been successfully sued for attempting to give someone CPR.

2. You do not have to be certified in CPR in order to give CPR.

People can perform CPR even if they have never had any formal training, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). In fact, research from 2007 found that kids as young as thirteen can give CPR as effectively as most adults and that kids as young as nine should be offered the opportunity to learn CPR.

Untrained rescuers can simply perform the CDC’s recommended “hands-only” technique, which involves chest compressions given at a rate of 100 to 120 beats per minute.

3. At least five critical components to high-quality CPR are recognized.

We know now that anyone can give CPR to someone who is suffering from cardiac arrest, even if the rescuer has had no formal training. That said, formal training can certainly help improve the quality of CPR given!
To maximize the effectiveness and safety of CPR, at least five critical components that rescuers should keep in mind are:

  1. Chest compressions should be interrupted as little as possible.
  2. Chest compressions should be provided at the appropriate rate and to the appropriate depth (which depends on victim characteristics and the number of rescuers present).
  3. Rescuers should avoid leaning on the victim between compressions. This helps to ensure that there is appropriate chest recoil.
  4. Rescuers should ensure that they have proper hand placement for chest compressions (which depends on the size and age of the victim)
  5. If ventilation is being provided, rescuers should avoid excessive ventilation.

All of these components and more are discussed in detail in high-quality CPR training courses.

4. You do not necessarily have to wait until someone completely stops breathing before performing CPR.

As described in 2017 guidelines from the Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Healthcare, a rescuer does not necessarily have to wait until a person completely stops breathing before performing CPR. This is because a person might still breathe for a short amount of time even after their heart stops beating—although their breath will not appear normal.

The breathing pattern of a person suffering cardiac arrest might look or sound:

  • Irregular
  • Deep
  • Slow
  • Noisy (often described as a snoring or gasping sound)

Eventually, a person who is in cardiac arrest will stop breathing completely. But rescuers can begin CPR even before this happens, so long as the victim is unconscious and the rescuer suspects that the victim is breathing abnormally.

Remember, when it comes to helping someone survive cardiac arrest, time is of the essence. For every minute that a person in cardiac arrest goes without CPR, their chances of a full recovery decrease by about 7 to 10 percent, according to a 2019 article from the New England Journal of Medicine.

5. It is not uncommon for a victim’s ribs to break during CPR.

hands-compressionChest compressions must be forceful enough to externally squeeze the heart and help it pump blood throughout the body. For this reason, a person giving chest compressions to a cardiac arrest victim might end up pressing hard enough to break some of the victim’s ribs or sternum (breastbone).

Broken bones are not an indicator that CPR was good or bad. They are simply a relatively common and sometimes unavoidable complication of CPR itself. Factors related to the victim, including the victim’s age, gender, and overall health status, can also influence how likely it is for rib or sternum fractures to occur.

Other health complications during CPR are possible. These include lung injuries (eg., pneumothorax or lung contusions), injuries to abdominal organs (e.g., liver or spleen), and chronic or subacute chest pain. Fortunately, research indicates that the overall risk and frequency of CPR complications are generally low.

6. A victim might vomit during CPR.

Vomiting is considered a sign of life, and some victims will vomit while receiving rescue breaths or chest compressions. If a victim appears to vomit during CPR, here’s what you should do, depending on the situation:

  • A lone rescuer may stop to clear the airway of large amounts of vomit before resuming CPR, or after administering a shock as advised by an AED. Smaller amounts of saliva and foam in the mouth do not need to be cleared out of the airway, until and unless the rescuer performs rescue breathing.
  • If there are two trained rescuers, one rescuer can turn the victim’s head to the side (assuming there are no spinal injuries suspected) and clear the airway of vomit as the other rescuer continues to perform chest compressions until ventilations or shocks via an AED are required.

When in doubt, continue with chest compressions.

7. People can record you doing CPR.

When a victim goes into cardiac arrest in a public place—such as in an airport, a mall, a restaurant, or a park—it’s not uncommon for bystanders to take out their cellphones and start recording. Knowing that they are being recorded might make some people reluctant to start helping a victim out of fear of future litigation.

The question is: can people record you giving someone CPR in public even if you don’t give them permission to do so?
Generally speaking, yes. In the United States, it is not considered illegal to videotape someone in public without their consent if they are in a public place and do not have a reasonable expectation of privacy. However, different states have different laws and regulations pertaining to how many people must agree to a recording (e.g., one-party vs two-party consent).

A helpful reminder:

When assessing or reassessing an adult victim’s ABC’s (airway, breathing, and circulation), it’s considered good practice to check for the person’s pulse on the same side of the neck that you’re kneeling or standing next to. This is so that you are not reaching your hand over their neck, which can make it look like you are choking the victim, even though you aren’t.

8. It is unlikely but possible to become infected with a communicable disease while performing CPR.

Transmission of infectious diseases is rare but can happen while someone is administering CPR or other types of first aid. In fact, this is one reason why many people are scared or reluctant to come to someone’s aid if they collapse due to cardiac arrest.

The types of diseases or organisms that could potentially be transmitted during CPR include:

  • SARS-CoV-2
  • HIV
  • HBV
  • HCV
  • HSV
  • Ebola
  • Clostridium difficile
  • Salmonella
  • Helicobacter pylori
  • Shigella
  • MERS-CoV
  • CMV
  • Measles
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis
  • Influenza

These infectious pathogens can be transmitted via a number of different routes, including airborne, droplet, contact, or hematogenous transmission. For example, if a rescuer has a cut or wound that gets exposed to the blood or bodily fluid of a victim with a blood-borne pathogen, there is a chance that the rescuer can become infected with that pathogen. As another example, a CPR provider might also unintentionally inhale infectious respiratory droplets from a victim who is sick with the flu or COVID-19, and potentially expose themselves to the coronavirus or flu virus.

Fortunately, the actual reported incidence of infectious disease transmission during CPR is quite low worldwide, according to a 2021 study published in Clinical Microbiology.

You deserve to be as safe as possible while attempting to give someone CPR. While it’s not always practical nor possible to stop and don personal protective equipment (PPE) before going to help someone, you might want to stock up on some gloves, CPR mouth barriers, N95 respirators or surgical masks, and/or goggles in your car, home, or office. Always perform proper hand hygiene after giving CPR.

And remember: you do not have to give someone mouth-to-mouth if you are a lay rescuer. Hands-only CPR is appropriate in many situations.

9. Giving CPR does not guarantee that a cardiac arrest victim will survive.

Unfortunately, statistics show that about 90 percent of people who experience cardiac arrest outside of the hospital die. Even if CPR is provided, the chances that someone will survive the ordeal are much lower than what most people might think.

One 2018 study from The American Journal of Emergency Medicine notes that the average rate of survival—from initial cardiac arrest to discharge from a hospital—is approximately 10.6 percent. Many cardiac arrest survivors who are revived through CPR and other first-aid measures will suffer life-long health issues, including chronic neurological and cardiovascular damage.

Even so, knowing how to perform CPR as a bystander rescuer can improve the likelihood that someone you know will survive an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Keep in mind that more than 70% of the 350,000 cardiac arrests occurring outside the hospital every year in the United States happen inside a person’s home. So, knowing how to perform high-quality CPR for a loved one suffering from cardiac arrest can help them survive until paramedics arrive.

Whether a cardiac arrest victim survives or not, CPR can be a traumatic experience for both professional and non-professional rescuers. If you tried to help someone in distress and are having a difficult time processing the experience, please speak to someone or meet with a licensed mental health professional who can offer guidance and assistance.

10. There are many reasons to stop CPR.

When giving CPR to a victim of cardiac arrest, it is not unusual to worry about when and whether to stop giving CPR. How long should a person continue before stopping? For the lay rescuer, there are actually several reasons to stop that are considered acceptable by the CPR training providers:

  • The victim begins to move or shows signs of consciousness.
  • Someone brings an automated external defibrillator or AED. (If there are two or more helpers, it is appropriate for one person to continue giving chest compressions while another rescuer sets up and prepares the AED. However, CPR should be paused while adhering to the defibrillator pads and while the AED is on and actively assessing a person’s heart rate. Fortunately, most AED devices today come with automated voice prompts to instruct rescuers when and whether to resume CPR.)
  • Paramedics or other professional helpers arrive or tell the rescuer to stop.
  • The rescuer becomes too tired to continue.
  • The situation or surroundings become too dangerous for the rescuer to continue.
  • Signs of death are obvious and apparent.

Would You Like to Receive Your BLS Certification or Recertification Online?

Advanced Medical Certification is a leading online resource for BLS, PALS, and ACLS certification courses. AMC certifications are accepted nationwide and come with a full money-back guarantee. Visit our website and learn more about our diverse range of certifications and re-certification courses. Share your wisdom and thoughts in the comments below, or head on over to the discussion about this post on Facebook.

About Greta

Greta is a dedicated life saver and a distinguished expert in the field of medical content creation and editing. Her impressive array of certifications in ACLS, CPR, PALS, and BLS underscores her commitment to excellence in the medical field. With over four years of invaluable experience in medical education, Greta plays an indispensable role within the Advanced Medical Certification team, shaping the way healthcare professionals around the world acquire and apply vital knowledge.

Greta's profound expertise serves as the driving force behind the development and distribution of medical content that has significantly enhanced the capabilities of countless healthcare practitioners across the globe.

In addition to her medical qualifications, Greta holds a prestigious academic distinction in Marketing and Global Business from Vilnius University. Her academic journey has been enriched by immersive studies in Slovakia and Portugal during her time as an exchange student, providing her with a global perspective that complements her medical expertise.

Beyond her professional commitments, Greta possesses a genuine passion for global exploration, with a particular focus on immersing herself in diverse cultures and appreciating the intricacies of the natural world. While residing in Vilnius, Lithuania, she continues to make substantial contributions to the field of medical education, leaving an indelible mark on the sector.

Reach out to Greta at greta.kviklyte@advmedcert.com.

Important Things to Know About Pericardial Tamponade

Important Things to Know About Pericardial Tamponade

Photo of Greta

by Greta Kviklyte

Life Saver, AMC
Co-authored by Kim Murray, RN, M.S.

posted on Feb 28, 2022, at 4:13 am

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As a current or future health care professional, your ability to quickly recognize symptoms of cardiac problems can mean the difference between life or death for your patients. Because the heart is responsible for circulating oxygen-rich blood throughout the body, emergency conditions affecting this organ can very rapidly lead to serious and sometimes fatal complications.

One example of a medical emergency involving the heart is a condition called pericardial tamponade (also called cardiac tamponade). Keep reading to learn more about pericardial tamponade, including what it is, what causes it, what the main signs and symptoms are, and how it is diagnosed and treated.

What is Pericardial Tamponade?

woman-in-pain-holding-her-chestPericardial tamponade is a medical condition caused by blood or fluids filling the space between the heart muscle and the sac (called the pericardium or pericardial sac) surrounding the heart muscle. This abnormal fluid build-up causes an enormous amount of pressure on the heart, which prevents the heart muscle from being able to fully expand and beat properly. As a result, the heart can’t fill up with as much blood as it normally does.

When the heart can’t fill up with enough blood, it won’t be able to pump enough blood out to the body. The brain and other organs will become starved of oxygen, and organ failure can occur relatively quickly. Other serious complications of cardiac tamponade include anoxic brain injury, coma, and shock. Without treatment, pericardial tamponade is fatal.

Pericardial Tamponade and Pericardial Effusion: What’s the Difference?

Pericardial effusion and tamponade are related but distinct conditions affecting the heart. Pericardial effusion is the term medical professionals use for the actual process of the pericardial sac filling up with fluid. Cardiac tamponade—in which excessive pressure from the fluid surrounding the heart prevents the heart from beating properly—is a condition that can result from pericardial effusion.

Pericardial effusions that develop slowly don’t always lead to cardiac tamponade, because the pericardial sac will have more time to stretch in response to the fluid build-up (therefore avoiding excessive pressure on the heart muscle). Cardiac tamponade often develops when the fluid build-up develops suddenly and quickly. However, cardiac tamponade can develop slowly in some cases—over days, weeks, or even months.

What Causes Pericardial Tamponade?

Pericardial tamponade can be caused by illness or injury, whether acute or chronic. It’s commonly caused by trauma or injury to the pericardial sac (e.g., foreign object penetration), which allows fluids and blood to flow inside the sac and around the heart.

Some specific causes of pericardial effusion and subsequent pericardial tamponade include:

  • Gunshot wounds or stab wounds to the chest and heart
  • Blunt trauma to the chest (e.g., from a car accident, work-related accident, slip, fall, etc.)
  • Complications during cardiac procedures, including catheterization, angiography, insertion of a pacemaker or central line, or any other type of heart surgery or chest surgery
  • A ruptured aortic aneurysm (a balloon-like bulge in the aorta)
  • An aortic dissection (a tear in the inner layer of the aorta—according to the European Cardiac Society, tamponade is a leading cause of death in patients with acute aortic dissections)
  • Cancers, including leukemia and end-stage lung cancer or breast cancer that have spread to the pericardium
  • Myocardial infarction (heart attack)
  • Sudden cardiac arrest
  • High levels of radiation exposure to the chest area
  • Kidney failure and end-stage kidney disease
  • Congestive heart failure (when the heart doesn’t pump blood as well as it should)
  • Infections that affect the blood, heart, or pericardial sac (e.g., pericarditis caused by bacterial or viral infections, as well as tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS)
  • Lupus, a chronic autoimmune disease that causes a person’s immune system to mistakenly attack healthy tissues in their body, including the heart and pericardium
  • Hypothyroidism, also called underactive thyroid, in which the thyroid gland doesn’t produce enough hormones (hypothyroidism is considered a risk factor for heart disease, including heart failure)
  • Dermatomyositis is a rare autoimmune condition that causes inflammation and weakness of the muscles and skin

Did you know?

According to a 2014 study published in Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, cardiac tamponade is the leading cause of procedure-related mortality among patients undergoing catheter ablation. Catheter ablation is a common procedure used to treat a heart condition called atrial fibrillation (AF), in which the heart beats fast and irregularly and the heart’s upper chambers (atria) do not beat in time with the heart’s lower chambers (ventricles).

This same study—which looked at data from nearly 35,000 catheter ablation procedures—found that tamponade during ablations is rare, affecting about 1.2 to 1.3 percent of people undergoing this procedure. However, women undergoing ablations for AF are about twice as likely to experience tamponade than men.

Recognizing Pericardial Tamponade in Patients: Signs and Symptoms

man-experiencing-chest-painA person experiencing cardiac tamponade will exhibit at least one and usually several of the following signs and symptoms:

  • Anxiety or restlessness
  • Confusion
  • Weakness
  • Low blood pressure (hypotension)
  • Chest pain that radiates to the neck, shoulders, and/or back
  • Chest pain that gets worse with coughing or deep breathing
  • Chest pain that improves by sitting or leaning forward
  • Respiratory distress or trouble breathing
  • Rapid breathing
  • Weak or thready pulse, especially in the arms or legs
  • Heart palpitations (feeling like the heart is pounding, racing, or skipping beats)
  • Pale, blue, and/or clammy skin
  • Swelling in the arms or legs
  • Dizziness
  • Fainting (syncope) or loss of consciousness

Diagnosing and Treating Patients With Pericardial Tamponade: What to Expect

Do you know the three clinical signs of cardiac tamponade that doctors use to help diagnose this emergency condition? Known as “Beck’s triad,” these signs include:

  • Low blood pressure: because the heart is not able to pump as much blood as it usually does
  • Distention (bulging) of the jugular veins located in the neck: because blood from the veins is unable to flow into the heart easily
  • Muffled heart sounds are heard while listening to the heart with a stethoscope: because the pressure from fluid inside the pericardial sac blocks the sound of the heart

Doctors don’t rely only on clinical signs to determine if a person has pericardial tamponade. They’ll also order tests to help confirm a diagnosis and rule out other conditions.

The primary test doctors use to diagnose this condition is an echocardiogram (ultrasound of the heart). If a person experiencing cardiac tamponade undergoes an echocardiogram, the echocardiogram might reveal a distended (enlarged) pericardium or collapsed ventricles inside the heart, which happens due to low blood volume inside the ventricles.

Additional tests and imaging studies doctors might order to diagnose cardiac tamponade include:

  • Chest X-ray, to assess the size and shape of the heart
  • Thoracic CT scan, to look for changes to the heart and fluid accumulation in the chest area
  • Magnetic resonance angiogram, to assess how blood flows through the heart
  • Electrocardiogram (ECG), to assess the way the heartbeats

Treatment of Pericardial Tamponade

Remember: pericardial tamponade is a life-threatening, emergency situation that requires immediate medical treatment. The primary aim of treatment is to remove the excess fluids from inside the pericardium, which should help reduce pressure on the heart. This can be done with an emergency procedure known as pericardiocentesis, in which a doctor—guided by imaging technology like an echocardiogram or X-ray fluoroscopy—inserts a large needle into the chest and through the pericardium. The doctor can then remove fluid through this needle.

Other invasive surgical procedures might be required to help remove damaged tissue and repair damaged areas. This is often necessary when cardiac tamponade is caused by an acute injury and pericardiocentesis is not possible. In the most severe cases, doctors might need to perform an emergency procedure known as a thoracotomy, which opens the chest so the medical team can see and gain direct access to the heart area.

People recovering from cardiac tamponade may also require additional treatments and medication, such as pain relievers or antibiotics. If other complications or disease states are present (e.g., autoimmune diseases, other orthopedic or neurological injuries caused by physical trauma), the patient’s medical team should be prepared to manage these issues, too.

Outcomes for People with Pericardial Tamponade

According to the U.S. National Library of Medicine, an estimated two out of every 10,000 people are affected by cardiac tamponade caused by an underlying disease (not including trauma). However, the overall incidence and prevalence of this condition is unknown.

Pericardial tamponade is difficult to predict and prevent, but early detection and treatment can improve a patient’s outcomes. Generally speaking, patients who have cardiac tamponade that develops slowly over time tend to fare better than patients who have cardiac tamponade that develops suddenly.

Caring for a Patient with Pericardial Tamponade: Things Every Health Care Provider Should Know

  • Pericardial tamponade is a serious health emergency that requires immediate medical attention. It is always fatal if not treated.
    This condition can present like other health problems, including cardiogenic or obstructive shock. People with cardiac tamponade may be in pulseless electrical activity (PEA) cardiac arrest by the time they reach the hospital.
  • In addition to Beck’s triad (hypotension, muffled heart sounds, and distended jugular veins), people with cardiac tamponade might exhibit “pulses paradoxus,” in which systolic blood pressure decreases by more than 10 mmHg with inspiration.
  • Health care workers providing direct care for patients with cardiac tamponade can expect to implement a range of interventions, including medications, stat imaging, and bloodwork, ECG monitoring, strict bed rest with legs elevated, supplemental oxygen, and large-bore IVs. Having fluids available and a pericardiocentesis tray standing by can improve the delivery and speed of care if the patient’s condition deteriorates rapidly.
  • Following emergency treatment, catheters are often left in the pericardial sac to encourage additional fluid draining. Health care personnel must be aware of not only how to properly care for these drains but to monitor their output and relay this information to the doctor.

Outside the emergency room, the intensive care unit (ICU) is the most appropriate place for patients with newly diagnosed cardiac tamponade to be monitored and cared for by their medical team. The immediate post-treatment window is a critical time to ensure that the pericardial sac is not refilling with fluids.

Once a patient is medically stable enough to be taken out of this critical window, they may require comprehensive, multidisciplinary care from the medical team, including physical therapy, occupational therapy, and cardiac rehabilitation, in order to safely advance their functional progress and recovery.

In Conclusion

Pericardial tamponade (or cardiac tamponade) is a life-threatening medical emergency caused by excess fluid build-up around the heart. Excess fluid puts increased pressure on the heart, preventing it from being able to fill with blood and pump out blood to the rest of the body. Patients who do not receive treatment for pericardial tamponade will die.

Whether you are a health care provider and professional rescuer, or a layperson who simply wants to learn CPR and basic first aid, Advanced Medical Certification can connect you with the cost-effective online training modules you need to succeed—all from the convenience and comfort of your own home or workplace.

We know that the information you learn in our courses could end up saving a life someday. That’s why we make every effort to ensure our courses and products meet the highest possible standards of quality, ethical, and evidence-based life-saving care. It’s one reason why AMC has earned a rare endorsement from HONcode, a UN-chartered agency that sets standards for the provision of health information to providers, patients, and the public.

To learn about our online courses, certifications, re-certifications, and other programs, contact Advanced Medical Certification today. Share your experience of completing our courses.

About Greta

Greta is a dedicated life saver and a distinguished expert in the field of medical content creation and editing. Her impressive array of certifications in ACLS, CPR, PALS, and BLS underscores her commitment to excellence in the medical field. With over four years of invaluable experience in medical education, Greta plays an indispensable role within the Advanced Medical Certification team, shaping the way healthcare professionals around the world acquire and apply vital knowledge.

Greta's profound expertise serves as the driving force behind the development and distribution of medical content that has significantly enhanced the capabilities of countless healthcare practitioners across the globe.

In addition to her medical qualifications, Greta holds a prestigious academic distinction in Marketing and Global Business from Vilnius University. Her academic journey has been enriched by immersive studies in Slovakia and Portugal during her time as an exchange student, providing her with a global perspective that complements her medical expertise.

Beyond her professional commitments, Greta possesses a genuine passion for global exploration, with a particular focus on immersing herself in diverse cultures and appreciating the intricacies of the natural world. While residing in Vilnius, Lithuania, she continues to make substantial contributions to the field of medical education, leaving an indelible mark on the sector.

Reach out to Greta at greta.kviklyte@advmedcert.com.

What is BLS for Healthcare Providers?

What is BLS for Healthcare Providers?

Photo of Greta

by Greta Kviklyte

Life Saver, AMC
Co-authored by Kim Murray, RN, M.S.

posted on Jan 26, 2022, at 8:19 am

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Did you know? Approximately 200,000 heart attacks occur in hospitals every year, according to 2015 data shared by The National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine. When these heart attacks and other life-threatening emergencies happen, the healthcare providers who work in these medical facilities must have the necessary training, knowledge, and skills to act quickly and help increase the chances of patient survival, no matter their patients’ age. Such knowledge and skills can be acquired by completing a Basic Life Support (BLS) certification.

Keep reading to learn more about BLS for healthcare providers, including what is BLS, who needs BLS training, the difference between BLS for healthcare workers and lay people, how to prepare for a BLS course, and where you can find a certification course.

What is BLS?

nurse-monitoring-on-patients-condition-in-icuBLS is the type of emergency medical care given by health care professionals, first responders, and public safety professionals to individuals who are experiencing an obstructed airway, respiratory distress, and/or cardiac arrest. BLS requires no medical equipment nor does it require skills in invasive protocols, such as intravenous and intraosseous routes.

Life-threatening situations where BLS can be used include:

  • Choking
  • Severe allergic reactions
  • Trauma
  • Near-drowning
  • House fires (e.g., smoke inhalation)

Check out this video for a quick explanation of BLS!

Review These Helpful Definitions:

  • Airway Obstruction: any type of blockage in the airway that prevents someone from being able to move air in or out of their lungs (can be caused by a foreign object, trauma, or swelling d/t allergic reactions in the airway)
  • Respiratory Distress: an emergency situation in which someone is having a hard time breathing and/or not getting enough oxygen into their lungs, signs, and symptoms of which include increased breathing rate, bluish or purplish discoloration of the lips, fingers, and fingernails, wheezing, grunting, nasal flaring, sweating, sunken chest, and leaning forward
  • Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA): sudden and unexpected loss of heart function in which the heart stops beating

Some Fast Facts on Life-Threatening Situations

Choking/Airway Obstruction

  • According to Statista, the odds of dying from choking in the United States is 1 in 2,535.
  • Choking—usually on food—is the fourth leading cause of accidental injury-related death.
  • People of all ages can become choking victims, and it is especially common in infants, toddlers, and seniors.
  • The universal sign of choking is clutching at one’s throat with one’s hands. Other signs and symptoms of choking include being unable to talk, difficult or noisy breathing, coughing, flushed skin that may turn pale or bluish, a bluish or dusky discoloration to the lips and nails, and loss of consciousness.

Cardiac Arrest

  • Of the 350,000+ cardiac arrests that occur outside the hospital every year, 90% of them are fatal.
  • The home is the most commonplace for someone to suffer a heart attack, followed by public places and nursing homes.
  • Women are less likely to experience sudden cardiac arrest than men but are also less likely to receive CPR when they need it. This could be for several reasons, including the fact that women who have heart attacks are more likely to be older and live alone, and bystanders may be reluctant or scared to do chest compressions due to fear of hurting a female victim, being accused of inappropriate touching or sexual assault. Bystanders may also fail to recognize when a woman is in cardiac arrest, in part due to the misconception that women are “faking it.”

Near-Drowning

  • According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), drowning is the leading cause of death for children aged 1-4 other than birth defects.
  • For kids up to age 14, drowning is also a leading cause of unintentional injury-related death, second only to motor vehicle accidents.
  • On average, there are about 22 nonfatal drownings every day and 11 fatal drownings every day in the United States.
  • Brain damage can occur in as little as four minutes without oxygen.

Who Needs BLS?

A wide range of healthcare providers should be certified in BLS, including doctors, physician assistants, nurses, nurse practitioners, nursing assistants, EMTs and paramedics, respiratory therapists, chiropractors, optometrists, physical therapists, occupational therapists, and speech-language pathologists. Many healthcare organizations and facilities also require or recommend support staff to be certified in BLS, as well, which can include environmental services or janitorial staff, transport staff, dietary/kitchen staff, laboratory and radiology technicians, chaplains, and guest and volunteer services.

BLS certifications are also becoming increasingly mandatory for some non-healthcare-related professionals, including other types of first responders (police officers, firefighters), teachers, group home staff, daycare employees, lifeguards, construction workers, bus drivers, and camp counselors.

Healthcare providers should understand which certifications they need for their role, not only to remain in compliance with their employers but to ensure they are adequately prepared to help and support their patients in life-threatening situations such as cardiac or respiratory arrest. For some professionals, this could mean that a BLS certification is not sufficient in itself, and additional certifications such as Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support (ACLS), Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS), or Blood Borne Pathogens (BBP) will be necessary.

ACLS and PALS certifications are generally required for any healthcare provider working in emergency or critical care settings, including the emergency room (ER) and intensive care unit (ICU). Some nursing homes and other facilities where cardiac arrests are more likely to happen may also require their staff to undergo ACLS training.

Is BLS for Healthcare Workers Different Than Life-Saving Skills Taught to Laypeople?

The main difference between life-saving skills for healthcare workers and laypeople (e.g., non-medical members of the public) is that BLS courses are designed specifically for healthcare workers and go into greater depth than what is taught to laypeople.

Topics covered in BLS for healthcare providers include not only how to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), but also:

  • How to provide CPR with more than one rescuer, including with or without the use of manual resuscitators (e.g., bag valve masks or Ambu bags)
  • How to use an automated external defibrillator (AED)
  • How to provide advanced airway management
  • How to provide CPR for infants and children as well as adults
  • How to help conscious and unconscious victims who are choking (e.g., back blows and abdominal thrusts)

These foundations are based on the American Heart Association’s (AHA) BLS Chain of Survival and the most recent BLS AHA guidelines and standards. While every course differs in what it offers, the essentials above should adequately prepare health care providers to act in an emergency.

Of course, it’s beneficial for society at large if more people know at least some basic life-saving skills such as CPR. In fact, the American Heart Association reports that bystander CPR can double or triple the chances of survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, which happens as many as 350,000 times per year in the United States! And since AEDs are increasingly common in public spaces—such as airports, grocery stores, casinos, hotels, churches, and gyms—even non-medical lay people should be encouraged to learn how to use these devices. (Keep in mind that with their advanced life support skills, healthcare providers can also save lives while they are out in public or at home, where the majority of cardiac arrests happen.)

Non-medical members of the public who are interested in learning life-saving skills do not necessarily have to enroll in a formal BLS certification course. They may instead opt to complete a more basic CPR, AED & First Aid Certification, which covers many of the same fundamental skills as those learned by healthcare workers, without going into more advanced techniques.

As an example, laypeople are often taught a hands-only CPR technique without rescue breaths (i.e., “mouth to mouth”), which has actually been found to increase the chances of bystanders taking action in an emergency situation at home or in public. Hands-only CPR is also comparable in terms of effectiveness compared to conventional CPR. A 2010 randomized study published in the prestigious New England Journal of Medicine found no difference in 30-day survival rates in victims of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest after receiving standard CPR vs compression-only CPR before the arrival of first responders.

As for healthcare workers, concerns about performing mouth-to-mouth on victims can be mitigated by ensuring that providers have easy and fast access to protective mouth resuscitation barrier devices or bag valve masks.

Preparing for a BLS Certification

healthcare-professional-along-hospital-hallway-using-a-laptop-while-checking-on-patients-records.If you’re a healthcare provider preparing to earn or renew your BLS certification, use these guidelines to help you successfully pass your certification and develop proficiency in the critical life-saving skills that will be introduced to you:

  • Make sure the course you are signing up for offers the level of training you will need as a healthcare worker
  • If taking your BLS certification in-person, ensure that you show up to your class on time
  • If taking your BLS certification online, ensure that you have given yourself adequate time to complete the course and that your internet connection is adequate
  • Wear comfortable clothing and sturdy footwear, such as your work uniform—this is to ensure you’ll be comfortable participating in the hands-on techniques you’ll be able to practice during your course
  • Pay attention and ask questions—chances are, other students in your course will have similar questions about the course material, and your instructor should be more than happy to clarify any confusion
  • While taking the examination, read each question thoroughly and carefully
  • Ask your instructor or BLS certification provider about when and how to get your proof of certification
  • Know when and how you will need to renew your certification (generally, BLS certifications must be renewed every two years)

Where to Complete Your BLS Course

BLS courses can be completed online or in in-person classes. Traditional classroom courses are often taught over the course of a weekend, while online BLS courses generally offer a more convenient, flexible, and cost-friendly option. Online BLS certifications and recertification also offer students the convenience of studying the material on their own time and at their preferred pace, without needing to pass a hands-on skills assessment (although practicing these skills on one’s own is certainly beneficial).

Whether you choose an in-person or online BLS course, it’s important to choose an organization you can trust to provide quality training—and an organization that will grant you a BLS certification that will be recognized by your specific employer or organization.

With a 98% national acceptance rate, BLS certifications from AMC are highly unlikely to be rejected, but we’re happy to offer a full refund if necessary. AMC also takes steps to make it as convenient, affordable, and engaging as possible to earn your BLS certification online by offering high-quality audiovisual modules and supporting resources based on industry-leading standards, such as the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) 2020-2025 Edition ACLS Provider Handbook.

In addition, our students have the opportunity to earn continuing medical education (CME) credits, all from the convenience and privacy of their home or workplace.

Conclusion

As a healthcare provider, staying up-to-date with your basic life-saving skills, including CPR, AED, and the abdominal thrust technique, can make the difference between life or death for your patients. Share with us how your basic life-saving skills have helped you.

If you’re ready to complete or renew your BLS certification online or are interested in offering BLS certifications online to your organization’s caregivers, contact Advanced Medical Certification today. We know you have many choices when it comes to developing your life-saving and advanced life support skills, which is why AMC is honored to be one of fewer than 1% of internet sites endorsed by HONcode, a UN-chartered agency that sets ethical standards for the provision of health information for providers, patients, and the public.

About Greta

Greta is a dedicated life saver and a distinguished expert in the field of medical content creation and editing. Her impressive array of certifications in ACLS, CPR, PALS, and BLS underscores her commitment to excellence in the medical field. With over four years of invaluable experience in medical education, Greta plays an indispensable role within the Advanced Medical Certification team, shaping the way healthcare professionals around the world acquire and apply vital knowledge.

Greta's profound expertise serves as the driving force behind the development and distribution of medical content that has significantly enhanced the capabilities of countless healthcare practitioners across the globe.

In addition to her medical qualifications, Greta holds a prestigious academic distinction in Marketing and Global Business from Vilnius University. Her academic journey has been enriched by immersive studies in Slovakia and Portugal during her time as an exchange student, providing her with a global perspective that complements her medical expertise.

Beyond her professional commitments, Greta possesses a genuine passion for global exploration, with a particular focus on immersing herself in diverse cultures and appreciating the intricacies of the natural world. While residing in Vilnius, Lithuania, she continues to make substantial contributions to the field of medical education, leaving an indelible mark on the sector.

Reach out to Greta at greta.kviklyte@advmedcert.com.

Which Certifications are Required to Become an RN?

Which Certifications are Required to Become an RN?

Photo of Greta

by Greta Kviklyte

Life Saver, AMC
Co-authored by Kim Murray, RN, M.S.

posted on Jan 24, 2022, at 12:20 pm

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Registered nurses (RNs) are licensed health care professionals who work in a variety of environments, from the emergency room to community health clinics to schools. A career in nursing affords individuals numerous opportunities for job growth and security, with median pay exceeding $73,000 per year according to 2020 data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

What Certifications Are Needed for Individuals Who Want to Become Registered Nurses?

healthcare-professional-wearing-face-mask-and-face-shieldConsistently ranked as one of the most trusted professions, nursing can be a challenging yet highly rewarding field. Over the course of their daily work—which can include direct patient care, education, public service, and more—registered nurses may face situations that challenge their mental, emotional, and physical well-being. Nurses are often the key point of contact between patients, their loved ones, and the rest of the medical team, and must excel in skills such as multidisciplinary collaboration and on-the-go problem-solving. Registered nurses must also master and apply a broad scope of knowledge related to health care, including anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, and basic to advanced life-saving skills.

The demanding nature of a nursing career is evident even before one enters the field. The academic path one must follow before becoming an RN can be rigorous and requires a considerable investment in resources, including time, money, and energy. And while gaining real-world experience as a certified nursing assistant (CNA), army medic, paramedic, or emergency medical technician (EMT) can provide a valuable advantage, it is still important for future RNs to understand the expectations required of them during their training and education.

If you are considering a nursing career and are curious about how to become RN certified, this article can help you understand the education and certifications you need to achieve your aspirations.

Before Your Nursing Career Begins: Secondary Education (High School/GED)

Prior to beginning a career-specific path to nursing, individuals are required to earn a high school diploma, generally with a GPA of at least 2.0. Young people who are still in high school but thinking ahead about a career in nursing should be encouraged to explore courses and nursing school prerequisites that focus on sciences and communications, such as health, biology, anatomy, statistics, algebra, chemistry, and English. Extracurricular activities, including volunteering at local hospitals or nursing facilities, can also be valuable additions to a prospective nursing student’s application, as these show a pointed interest in the profession.

Almost all nursing programs succeeding in high school also require completion of standardized tests like the SAT or ACT. Many colleges and universities in the United States also accept a General Educational Development (GED®) equivalent and having a GED may even qualify an individual for additional financial aid.

How Long Does It Take to Become an RN?

On average, the typical nursing student can expect to achieve their RN in about three years, although the duration and type of schooling required by an RN vary due to several factors, including the individual’s goals and their academic and professional background.

For example, some hospitals and other health care institutions may offer tuition reimbursement in exchange for post-graduate employment, in order to incentivize and retain good nurses. In other cases, a person may decide to make a major career change and return to nursing school even after completing a two- or four-year degree in an unrelated field.

Members of the military who serve as medics and wish to become RNs will still need to apply to and attend nursing school, even if they served as combat medics. However, many combat medics are eligible for a variety of programs and financial aid that can help them pay for their education or even complete their training in less time

Starting The Nursing Career Path: Postsecondary Education and Initial Degrees

Upon completion of secondary education, would-be RNs need to take the next step by starting down a career-specific path of postsecondary training, ultimately culminating in a nursing degree or diploma.

The three essential nursing degrees are Associate’s, Bachelor’s, and Masters. All are considered science in nursing degrees but feature distinctive courses and requirements specific to each program.

Associate of Science in Nursing (ADN)

Earning your ADN typically takes two to three years with fundamental courses that prepare students for the licensure exam, National Council Licensure Examination, better known as the NCLEX-RN® exam.

Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BDN)

A BDN is a four-year degree that also prepares students for the NCLEX-RN. Unlike an ADN, the BDN program typically provides comprehensive lectures and hands-on clinical experience. Some students choose to complete the ADN as a bridge prior to completion of a BDN.

Master of Science in Nursing

Individuals who wish to pursue a more advanced or specific career in nursing, such as a nurse practitioner or clinical nurse educator, can choose to extend their academic path for an additional two years after receiving their BDN in order to obtain a Master’s Degree.

Licensing and Certification Requirements for Registered Nurses

Upon fulfilling his or her nursing degree, a prospective RN must sit for and pass the NCLEX-RN®, which is the nationwide examination used to determine if it is safe for someone to enter the workforce as an entry-level nurse. An individual who passes the NCLEX-RN will earn a license to practice nursing. They should also check with their state to ensure they’ve fulfilled any state-specific licensing requirements prior to starting work.

A student must answer at least 60 questions correctly in order to pass the NCLEX-RN. This was recently lowered from a minimum of 75 questions by the National Council of State Boards of Nursing, in direct response to the unique challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Another recent change made to the NCLEX-RN is the number of times students are permitted to sit for the exam, which is now four hours (lowered from six hours).

Job-Specific Requirements and Advanced Certification Opportunities

nurse-checking-on-patients-conditionCompleting the NCLEX-RN and earning licensure is a pivotal step in a registered nurse’s career! But there are still additional requirements that must be fulfilled in order to begin one’s nursing career.

Almost all job roles that RNs find themselves in will require certification in Basic Life Support (BLS) at a minimum, even if a certificate in BLS is not required for licensure by the specific state. Additional certifications include Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) and Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS), but these tend to be more specific to the particular job role of the RN.

As an example, most hospital and emergency room employers require nurses to stay up-to-date on ACLS certifications, and most neonatal nurse employers require PALS. Nurses can earn their BLS, PALS, and ACLS online or in a classroom, and will need to undergo routine recertification, which occurs about every two years.

Advanced Practice Nursing and Leadership

After completing nursing school and successfully passing the NCLEX-RN, registered nurses may choose to fulfill additional nursing certifications. These advanced certifications allow RNs to serve in more advanced settings, such as critical care and acute care.

Advanced nursing certifications are nationally recognized, optional, and generally rigorous. For example, fulfilling the American Association of Critical Care Nurses’ (AACN) certification includes a demanding curriculum that requires an extensive number of hours to complete—a reflection of and good preparation for the advanced level of care critical nurses must be able to provide.

Advanced practice nursing offers registered nurses the opportunity to explore more specialized, expert-level careers. The specific amount and type of training and education that advanced practice nurses must undergo depends on the specific career, which can include:

  • Nurse Practitioner (NP): NPs support the comprehensive management of their patients’ health and well-being, and can diagnose, treat, and manage illnesses, injuries, and diseases. An NP’s scope of practice varies by state, and he or she may elect to specialize in a specific patient population (e.g., adult-gerontology, pediatric, psychiatric) or practice setting (e.g., family practice or acute care).
  • Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA): CRNAs are licensed to administer anesthesia to patients and can assist with pain management before, during, and after surgical operations. They work in a wide variety of practice settings and are closely involved in a range of surgeries, including elective and emergency surgical care.
  • Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS): a CNS specializes in a specific field or area of nursing, including pediatrics, geriatrics, critical care, oncology, behavioral health, wound care, and more. CNSs are highly adept at multidisciplinary care, professional consultation, and quality improvement.
  • Certified Nurse Midwife (CNM): CNMs specialize in women’s health, family health, and comprehensive care for pregnant people. Working in both community settings, hospitals, and birth centers, CNMs are closely involved in pregnancy, labor, delivery, and postpartum management.

As mentioned, these advanced nursing professions generally require at least a Master of Science in Nursing (MSN) as a prerequisite. In addition to the AACN, organizations that offer advanced certifications for registered nurses include:

  • American Academy of Nurse Practitioners Certification Board (AANPCB)
  • American Board for Occupational Health Nurses (ABOHN)
  • American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC)
  • American Organization for Nursing Leadership (AONL)
  • Certification Board for Diabetes Care and Education (CBDCE)
  • Commission on Nurse Certification (CNC)
  • Competency & Credentialing Institute (CCI)
  • Infusion Nurses Certification Corporation (INCC)
  • National Assistant at Surgery Certification (NASC)
  • National Board of Certification and Recertification for Nurse Anesthetists (NBCRNA)
  • National League for Nursing (NLN)
  • Oncology Nursing Certification Corporation (ONCC)
  • Pediatric Nursing Certification Board (PNCB)
  • The National Certification Corporation (NCC)
  • Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing Certification Board (WOCNCB)

Finally, many RNs choose to start their career at the bedside before eventually transitioning to a more managerial or leadership role, such as nurse manager or nurse executive (e.g., Director of Nursing). These roles provide excellent opportunities for registered nurses to have a greater impact on their communities and expand their areas of expertise, earning potential and career fulfillment.

Because the nursing field is so incredibly diverse, RNs are afforded a great degree of flexibility, autonomy, and even creativity depending on their chosen role. From travel nurse to telehealth nurse, camp nurse to CPR and AED instructor, there are plenty of off-the-beaten-path roles and opportunities that nurses can explore, either as the main focus or as a side hustle or source of additional income.

Conclusion

Without question, registered nurses are among our society’s most well-respected caregivers, educators, and role models. They must undergo a rigorous academic path prior to earning their nursing degree, which generally takes a minimum of two to three years of postsecondary education. Many registered nurses also feel called to pursue advanced career and educational opportunities that can take them everywhere from the patient’s bedside to the executive level of a large corporation.

If you have a dream of becoming a registered nurse, it’s important that you understand the specific certifications you will need to fulfill, depending on your individual situation and goals. Be sure to know your specific state’s licensure requirements and clarify your employer’s job-specific competencies, such as BLS, PALS, and ACLS certifications and additional advanced training.

Lastly, if you are preparing for a future in nursing, please take a moment to congratulate yourself. This field, while incredibly challenging and demanding at times, will reap many benefits for yourself, your patients, your loved ones, and your community. Thank you for embarking on such an important career! Share your wisdom and thoughts in the comments below, or head on over to the discussion about this post on Facebook

Attention Registered Nurses: Are You In Compliance with Your Employer’s BLS Certification Requirements?

Advanced Medical Certification (AMC) proudly offers continuing education credits in ACLS, BLS, and PALS certification and recertification. If you are due for an ACLS, BLS, or PALS recertification, contact AMC today at (877) 822-0375.

About Greta

Greta is a dedicated life saver and a distinguished expert in the field of medical content creation and editing. Her impressive array of certifications in ACLS, CPR, PALS, and BLS underscores her commitment to excellence in the medical field. With over four years of invaluable experience in medical education, Greta plays an indispensable role within the Advanced Medical Certification team, shaping the way healthcare professionals around the world acquire and apply vital knowledge.

Greta's profound expertise serves as the driving force behind the development and distribution of medical content that has significantly enhanced the capabilities of countless healthcare practitioners across the globe.

In addition to her medical qualifications, Greta holds a prestigious academic distinction in Marketing and Global Business from Vilnius University. Her academic journey has been enriched by immersive studies in Slovakia and Portugal during her time as an exchange student, providing her with a global perspective that complements her medical expertise.

Beyond her professional commitments, Greta possesses a genuine passion for global exploration, with a particular focus on immersing herself in diverse cultures and appreciating the intricacies of the natural world. While residing in Vilnius, Lithuania, she continues to make substantial contributions to the field of medical education, leaving an indelible mark on the sector.

Reach out to Greta at greta.kviklyte@advmedcert.com.

Understanding Normal Respiratory Rates in Children and Adults

Understanding Normal Respiratory Rates in Children and Adults

Photo of Greta

by Greta Kviklyte

Life Saver, AMC
Co-authored by Kim Murray, RN, M.S.

posted on Dec 29, 2021, at 5:52 am

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In emergency situations, being able to recognize quickly whether a person is suffering from respiratory distress is critical to ensure that life-saving measures are implemented as soon as possible. Children and adults suffering from respiratory distress will typically present with similar signs and symptoms, but there are significant differences between normal respiration in a child vs an adult. Understanding these differences will assist the professional rescuer (or bystander) in providing effective emergency care.

This article discusses important things to know about the normal respiratory rate in children, the common causes, signs, and symptoms of pediatric respiratory distress, complications associated with respiratory distress, and how to manage or treat breathing problems in a child.

But first, a review of important definitions, as well as a very brief summary of the respiratory system itself, should add some helpful context to this discussion.

Helpful Definitions

  • Respiratory failure: a condition in which blood does not have enough oxygen and/or too much carbon dioxide; can be chronic or acute
  • Respiratory distress: an emergency medical condition in which a person is struggling to breathe
  • Ventilation: the mechanical act of breathing in which air flows into the lungs (inhalation) and out of the lungs (exhalation)
  • Respiration: the physiological effect of breathing in which gas (e.g., oxygen and carbon dioxide) is exchanged between the environment and cells in the body
  • Hypoxemia: not enough oxygen in the blood
  • Hypercapnia: too much carbon dioxide in the blood

The Respiratory System 101: Parts and Process

The main goals of the respiratory system are to bring oxygen into the body and expel carbon dioxide out of the body. Some of the main structures involved in the respiratory system include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Mouth and nose
  • Sinuses: hollow spaces between bones in the head that help regulate humidity and temperature of inhaled air
  • Pharynx (throat): the tube-like passageway through which air travels from the mouth and nose to the trachea
  • Trachea (windpipe): the tube-like passageway that connects the throat and lungs
  • Bronchial tubes: major tube-like passageways that are found at the bottom of the trachea and connect to each lung
  • Lungs: the two organs, divided into lobes or sections (three lobes on the right lung and two lobes on the second lung), that fill with air and allow gases to exchange between air and blood
    • Alveoli: tiny air sacs in the lungs
    • Bronchioles: smaller tubes through which air flows from the bronchial tubes to the alveoli
  • Diaphragm: a tent-like muscle beneath the lungs that helps airflow in and out of the lungs

What Happens When You Breathe?

The following is the basic process of what happens during inhalation and exhalation:

  • As a person breathes in, the diaphragm moves down and the ribs move up and out. This helps the chest area become bigger, so the lungs have room to expand. This also decreases the pressure inside the alveoli so that air flows into the lungs (air, like other gases, moves from areas of higher pressure to lower pressure).
  • Oxygen in the air moves from the alveoli into the blood flowing inside tiny blood vessels called capillaries, which are located inside the alveolar walls.
  • Once inside the blood, oxygen attaches to proteins on red blood cells called hemoglobin. The heart pumps this oxygen-rich blood around the body in blood vessels called arteries.
  • As cells and tissues in the body receive and use oxygen from the blood, they send off carbon dioxide into the blood.
  • This carbon dioxide-rich blood flows back to the heart in blood vessels called veins, and then the heart pumps this carbon dioxide-rich blood back to the lungs.
  • Carbon dioxide moves from the capillaries back into the alveoli. As a person breaths out, the diaphragm moves up and the ribs move down. This helps the chest area become smaller and increases the pressure inside the lungs, allowing air to get pushed out.

The Normal Respiratory Rate in Children

doctor-checking-childs-respiratory-ratehe respiratory rate refers to the number of times a person breathes in one minute while at rest (i.e., not performing exercise or physical activity). The normal respiratory rate in a child tends to be quicker than an adult’s.

Understanding the normal breathing rate for children can help a professional or bystander rescuer more quickly recognize whether a child is suffering from breathing difficulties.

Typical respiratory rates for children, based on age range, are as follows:

  • Infant (0-12 months old): 30 to 60 breaths per minute
  • Toddler (1-3 years old): 24-40 breaths per minute
  • Preschooler (4-5 years old): 22-34 breaths per minute
  • School-aged child (6-12 years old): 18-30 breaths per minute

By the time a child reaches adolescence (13 to 18 years old), their normal respiratory rate will be the same as an adult’s—about 12 to 16 breaths per minute.

Interestingly, infants and young children also tend to have faster heart rates (pulses) than adults on average. The normal resting heart rate of a newborn (0 to 3 months old) ranges from 80 to 205 beats per minute, and a child aged 4 months to 2 years has a normal resting heart rate of 75 to 190 beats per minute. Between ages 2 and 10, a child’s heart rate will slow to about 70 to 140 beats per minute.

By the time she is 10 years old, a child’s resting heart rate will be similar to an adult’s (60 to 100 beats per minute).

Why Do Children Breathe Faster Than Adults?

Generally speaking, children tend to breathe faster than adults do because they have smaller lungs (lower lung volume) than adults, and therefore have less physical space to exchange gases.

Younger children also tend to have a much faster metabolism than adults, meaning they break down nutrients at a faster rate. As a result, children typically require more oxygen (and faster disposal of carbon dioxide) while at rest compared to adults, even after adjusting for body mass and unit of time.

Causes of Abnormal Respiratory Rates in a Child

Common causes of abnormal breathing or respiratory distress in children include the following:

  • Bacterial or viral infections, including croup or pneumonia
  • Allergies
  • Asthma
  • Exposure to cigarette smoke or other harmful gases, including pollution and carbon monoxide
  • A blocked airway (choking)
  • Trauma or damage to any part of the respiratory system
  • Complications from medications (e.g., accidental overdose)
  • Certain genetic conditions, including cystic fibrosis

Signs and Symptoms of Pediatric Respiratory Distress

As a general rule, a child who is consistently taking fewer than 10 breaths per minute or greater than 60 breaths per minute is likely suffering from some sort of respiratory distress and requires immediate attention.
Beyond assessing a child’s respiratory rate, you can also look for other key signs and symptoms of pediatric breathing problems. These signs and symptoms include:

    • Changes in skin quality: a child’s skin (especially around the lips, hands, and feet, including the nail beds) might become pale, purplish, grayish, or bluish in color, and could start to feel cold and clammy
    • Nasal flaring: the nostrils open wide when breathing in
    • Chest retraction: with each breath, the chest appears to sink in just below the neck or beneath the breastbone
    • Noisy breathing: a child might begin to make unusual sounds while breathing, including
      • Wheezing (a high-pitched, whistling, musical-like sound that usually only happens on exhalation and usually suggests a narrowing in the lower airway)
      • Stridor (a special kind of high-pitched wheezing noise that can occur during exhalation or inhalation and usually suggests an obstruction or narrowing in the upper airway)
      • Stertor (a snoring-like sound that often develops when a child has congestion in the mouth or nose)
      • Grunting (“ugh” sound)
    • Changes in mood or level of alertness: the child might become drowsy, anxious, restless, difficult to arouse, or simply not like themselves
    • Changes in body position: a child may spontaneously lean forward or tilt their head up or backwards in an attempt to make breathing easier (if a child is choking, he or she may also exhibit the universal sign of choking by placing their hands at their throat)

Untreated, respiratory distress can be fatal or lead to life-threatening or life-altering complications including organ damage, shock, anoxic brain injury, and nervous system depression due to increased carbon dioxide levels in the blood.

What To Do If a Child is In Respiratory Distress (Child vs Infant)

child-coughingIf there is any concern that a child is suffering from respiratory distress, call 911. If a child passes out, begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Importantly, rescuers who are alone should perform CPR on a child for at least 2 minutes before stopping to call 911.

Recall that the CPR techniques used on a baby or prepubescent child (aged 1 to 12 years) have some differences compared to the CPR technique used on an adult. Some of the main differences include the following:

  • For infants, the depth of chest compressions – which can be done with two fingers at the center of the baby’s chest as a single rescuer – should be about one and a half inches (vs two inches for children and adults)
  • Care should be taken not to tip the infant’s or child’s head back too far nor provide rescue breaths that are too forceful
  • Checking a child’s pulse should be performed at the carotid artery (side of the neck), as it is for adults; in infants, the pulse should be checked at the brachial artery (inside of the bicep)

In the case of known or suspected airway obstruction (choking), back blows and/or the abdominal thrust maneuver may be indicated to help the child clear the foreign object.

If a child older than 1 year old is choking, you can provide the same type of abdominal thrust maneuver that would be performed on an adult.

  • First ensure the child is actually choking – look for choking signs and symptoms and ask them, “Are you choking? Can you talk?” If the child is able to speak and cough forcefully, do not begin first aid, as the child may still be able to dislodge the obstruction on their own. If the child is unable to talk or not able to produce a strong and effective cough, proceed with the rescue maneuver.
  • If the child is much shorter, the rescuer should kneel, not stand, behind the choking victim.
  • Wrap your arms around the child’s waist.
  • Place one fist, thumb side in, just above the child’s belly button.
  • Grab your fist with your other hand.
  • Make quick upward and inward movements with your hands, as if you were trying to lift the child up.

For choking children and adults, the American Red Cross recommends using the “five-and-five” approach, in which the rescuer alternates between five black blows and five abdominal thrusts. The rescuer should continue this approach until the object is dislodged, the child begins coughing forcefully again, or the child passes out.

If an infant younger than 1-year-old is choking, a different technique is required (all of these techniques are discussed in detail in BLS training courses and related certifications). To do:

  • Hold the infant face down against your forearm and support the infant’s head and neck securely using your hand. Be sure to keep the infant’s head lower than the chest. If able, support your arm by resting it against your thigh.
  • Use the heel of your other hand to give the child five quick forceful blows between the shoulder blades.
  • Carefully flip the infant over so that she is resting on her back.
    With your other hand, place two fingers on the center of the infant’s chest, just below the nipples. Press your fingers inward quickly five times.

Share your experience of assisting someone in respiratory distress.

Are Yo​​u Prepared To Care for a Child in Respiratory Distress?

If you’re a healthcare provider or an employer, contact Advanced Medical Certification today to learn about our online certification and recertification courses in Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) and other courses.

About Greta

Greta is a dedicated life saver and a distinguished expert in the field of medical content creation and editing. Her impressive array of certifications in ACLS, CPR, PALS, and BLS underscores her commitment to excellence in the medical field. With over four years of invaluable experience in medical education, Greta plays an indispensable role within the Advanced Medical Certification team, shaping the way healthcare professionals around the world acquire and apply vital knowledge.

Greta's profound expertise serves as the driving force behind the development and distribution of medical content that has significantly enhanced the capabilities of countless healthcare practitioners across the globe.

In addition to her medical qualifications, Greta holds a prestigious academic distinction in Marketing and Global Business from Vilnius University. Her academic journey has been enriched by immersive studies in Slovakia and Portugal during her time as an exchange student, providing her with a global perspective that complements her medical expertise.

Beyond her professional commitments, Greta possesses a genuine passion for global exploration, with a particular focus on immersing herself in diverse cultures and appreciating the intricacies of the natural world. While residing in Vilnius, Lithuania, she continues to make substantial contributions to the field of medical education, leaving an indelible mark on the sector.

Reach out to Greta at greta.kviklyte@advmedcert.com.

Important Things to Know About BLS Renewal

Important Things to Know About BLS Renewal

Photo of Greta

by Greta Kviklyte

Life Saver, AMC
Co-authored by Kim Murray, RN, M.S.

posted on Dec 23, 2021, at 4:13 am

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Basic Life Support (BLS) includes a variety of emergency lifesaving techniques and tools—including cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and automated external defibrillators (AED)—that are offered to people experiencing life-threatening situations, such as an obstructed airway (choking), respiratory distress, and cardiac arrest.

A person who is trained in BLS, such as a healthcare provider or first responder, is expected to have a range of skills as well as the knowledge of how to apply these skills in a variety of situations for people of different ages, including infants, young children, and adults.

In this article, we discuss important things to know about the BLS renewal process, including how often a healthcare provider should renew their certification, common mistakes made during BLS and CPR training courses, and helpful tips to prepare for the BLS renewal course.

BLS Certification Basics: Who Needs It, How to Get It, and How Often It Should Be Renewed

Any healthcare provider, first responder, or medical professional must be certified in BLS. Courses offering BLS for healthcare providers cover a variety of topics, including:

  • How and when to perform CPR for adults, children, and infants
  • How and when to use an AED
  • How to relieve foreign body airway obstruction in adults and infants
  • How to provide effective ventilation using barrier devices
  • Essential life-saving practices, including the Chain of Survival and scene safety
  • The difference between single-rescuer and multi-rescuer during CPR

Many healthcare providers choose or, depending on their professional roles, are required to become trained in additional higher-level certifications such as Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) and Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS).

Do Non-Medical Professionals Need BLS Certification?

practicing-compressions-using-mannequinFor non-medical professionals and laypeople, BLS and other advanced lifesaving certifications aren’t necessary. However, CPR and basic first aid are extremely valuable skills for anyone to know. Individuals who choose to learn CPR and basic first aid could end up saving a life someday—including the life of someone they love or work with.

Consider these important facts from the American Heart Association:

  • Every year, over 350,000 cardiac arrests (heart attacks) occur outside the hospital—most of these (70%) occur in private homes or residences, followed by public settings like parks, malls, and airports (18.8%) and nursing homes (11.2%)
  • According to the Occupational Health and Safety Administration (OHSA), about 10,000 cardiac arrests happen in the workplace every year
  • Effective CPR provided immediately after a person experiences cardiac arrest can double or even triple a person’s chance of survival

Unfortunately, data from the 2017 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics show that fewer than half (46%) of all people who suffer cardiac arrest outside the hospital ever receive bystander CPR. And according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), as many as 9 out of 10 people who have a heart attack outside the hospital die. By encouraging more people to learn how and when to do CPR, these survival odds can improve.

Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest, Women, and CPR

Here’s another interesting fact from the CDC:

Women are less likely than men to receive bystander CPR if they experience cardiac arrest in a public setting. This could be due to many factors:

  • Some people don’t realize women can have heart attacks
  • Women often have atypical warning signs and symptoms of cardiac arrest, including shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, and back pain or jaw pain
  • Potential rescuers may worry about injuring a woman when giving CPR or being accused of sexual assault
  • People may mistakenly think women are being “dramatic” or “faking it”

Overall, it’s clear that raising awareness about the benefits of CPR and how to provide it is an important public health strategy, especially given the annual incidence of heart attacks—which sadly takes the lives of more people than prostate cancer, flu, pneumonia, car accidents, HIV/AIDS, firearms, and house fires combined.

Do Your Loved Ones Know This About CPR?

  • While formal CPR training can certainly help someone feel more prepared in the event of an emergency, a person does not have to be specially certified to give CPR to someone in cardiac or respiratory distress
  • CPR performed by non-medical professionals and bystanders does not have to involve any breathing into a person’s mouth
  • When performing CPR, people should aim to perform 100 chest compressions per minute—that’s as fast as the beat of the song “Stayin’ Alive”

Where to Receive BLS Training

A variety of organizations provide formal BLS training, including the American Red Cross, the American Heart Association, and Advanced Medical Certification. Healthcare providers may complete their BLS renewal online or in-person, depending on the certifying organization.

To ensure that their BLS certification will be accepted, medical professionals should check with their employer or organization for any specific requirements.

How Often Should A Healthcare Provider Renew Their BLS Certification?

ems-performing-bag-mask-ventilationBLS certifications must be renewed every two years. This is to ensure essential lifesaving skills and knowledge are retained, which can help improve outcomes for people suffering from life-threatening emergencies.

It’s also important to consider that failure to maintain an active BLS certification could result in consequences in a healthcare provider’s workplace, including temporary suspension.

Common Mistakes People Make During BLS Certification and BLS Renewal Courses

It’s helpful to be aware of common mistakes people make while providing basic life support, as well as mistakes frequently made by students taking BLS certification or renewal courses. Avoiding these mistakes will ensure that healthcare providers’ skills remain effective and increase the chances of positive outcomes when and if a healthcare provider must provide emergency medical treatment to someone suffering from cardiac arrest, choking, or respiratory distress.

Common BLS mistakes include:

  • Forgetting to ensure scene safety before attending to the patient
  • Forgetting to call 911 immediately upon finding someone in distress
  • Not adequately delegating tasks to other people who can provide assistance (e.g., calling emergency services, finding the AED, etc.)
  • Not utilizing the multiple rescuer technique if it is available (important for reducing rescuer fatigue and ensuring effective lifesaving techniques are used)
  • Not maintaining the correct speed and/or depth of chest compressions
  • Not allowing the chest to fully recoil during CPR prior to performing the next chest compression
  • Not having proper body mechanics while performing CPR (e.g., leaning off to the side of a victim instead of being directly over the victim during chest compressions)
  • Bending the arms during chest compressions
  • If performing rescue breathing, not remembering to open the airway by performing the head tilt/chin lift technique and/or not creating a firm seal around the person’s nose or mouth with the bag valve mask

In addition to errors made while performing lifesaving skills, students should also take care to avoid common mistakes within the course itself which may impede successful course completion. These mistakes include rushing during the test, not carefully reading each question on the test, and not asking the instructor clarifying questions that could otherwise help ensure subject competency.

Quick Reference: How to Perform CPR

These instructions are for single-rescuer medical professionals who have undergone BLS training. Non-medical professionals and bystanders do not need to perform rescue breathing—chest compressions only.

  1. Check scene safety and ensure the person needs help. If available, put on personal protective equipment (PPE) like gloves.
  2. Confirm the victim is unresponsive by using the shout-tap-shout method.
  3. If the person does not respond and isn’t breathing (or only gasping), call 911 and get any available equipment, including an AED, a bag valve mask, and/or a barrier device. If you are not alone, tell someone to call 911 and get these items for you.
  4. Ensure the person is on their back on a firm surface.
  5. Give 30 chest compressions:
  • Two hands on the chest
  • Shoulders directly over hands
  • Elbows straight
  • Compress to at least 2 inches at a rate of 100 to 120 beats per minute
  • Allow the chest to fully recoil (return to its normal position) before performing the next compression

6. Give 2 rescue breaths:

  • Open the airway using a head-tilt/chin-lift technique
  • Give each rescue breath for one second, watching to make sure the chest rises (if the chest doesn’t rise, tilt the head and ensure a proper seal before trying a second breath—there could be an airway obstruction if the chest still doesn’t rise)

7. Continue giving 30 chest compressions and 2 breaths until help or an AED arrives.

Quick Reference: How to Perform the Abdominal Thrust Technique

The abdominal thrust technique is to be used when a non-pregnant adult or child over age one is choking. Before initiating the abdominal thrust technique, ensure the person is choking by observing for signs and symptoms (e.g., the universal sign of choking/hands at the throat, noisy or difficulty breathing, inability to talk, laugh, or cry, weak or ineffective cough, flushed skin that could be bluish or pale; you can also ask, “Are you choking?” and look to see if the person nods).

    1. Tell the person you are going to help.
    2. Stand behind the person with your knees slightly bent and your feet staggered to improve your balance. If it is a child, kneel behind them.
    3. Wrap your arms around the person’s waist.
    4. Make a fist with one hand and put it slightly above the person’s belly button.
    5. Grasp your fist with your other hand.
    6. Press hard into the person’s abdomen with a quick upward movement.
    7. Perform 6 to 10 abdominal thrusts until the object is dislodged.
    8. If the person passes out, begin CPR.

Note: the American Red Cross recommends a “five and five” technique by alternating between five back blows and five abdominal thrusts until the object blocking the airway is dislodged, or until the person passes out.

Quick Reference: How to Use an Automated External Defibrillator (AED)

AEDs are intended for non-breathing adults and children aged 8 or older who weigh at least 55 pounds.

    1. Check scene safety and ensure the person needs help.
    2. If you’re not alone, ask a bystander to call 911. If you don’t have an AED, ask a bystander to get one for you.
    3. Initiate CPR until the AED becomes available.
    4. As soon as an AED becomes available, turn it on and follow the prompts. If you’re not alone, one person can continue performing CPR while the other person gets the AED ready.
    5. Remove all clothing covering the victim’s chest. If necessary, wipe the chest dry.
    6. Attach the AED pads as instructed, depending on whether the victim is an adult or a child. The pad packets will have diagrams to show you how.
    7. Make sure the pad connector cable is connected to the AED.
    8. Prepare to allow the AED to analyze the victim’s heart rhythm by making sure no one is touching the victim—say “CLEAR!” in a loud and commanding voice.
    9. If the AED determines a shock is needed, make sure no one is touching the victim (say “CLEAR!” in a loud and commanding voice) and press the “shock” button to deliver the shock.
    10. After the shock is delivered and the AED determines no shock is advised, immediately restart giving CPR, starting with chest compressions

Preparing For Your BLS Renewal: 3 Tips for Success

1. Get prepared to get hands-on. Many of the skills learned in BLS courses involve physical techniques such as the abdominal thrust maneuver and CPR. Practicing these skills is important for helping you prepare for real-life emergencies, where fast, accurate action is imperative.
Be sure to practice your physical skills even if you are taking your BLS certification course completely online.

2. If you’re not sure about something, ask. Developing mastery and familiarity with BLS subject matter can make the difference between life and death. Students should never hesitate to ask their BLS course instructor questions about the course material. Chances are, many people will have similar questions and would benefit from further clarification.

3. Choose a reputable organization for your BLS certification course. You have many choices when it comes to BLS certification and renewals, so be sure to select a company known for offering high-quality training and support.

In an effort to provide quality, cost-effective resources for our students, Advanced Medical Certification course materials are based on the latest best practice resources, including the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) 2020-2025 Edition ACLS Provider Handbook. Our courses are also eligible for continuing medical education (CME) credits and can be completed in the convenience and privacy of one’s own home or workplace.

Our website is one of fewer than 1% of sites on the internet endorsed by HONCode, a UN chartered non-governmental agency that seeks to ensure quality health information is shared for patients, providers, and the public.

AMC proudly features a 98% national acceptance rate. In the unlikely scenario that your employer does not accept our certification, we’re happy to offer a full refund.

Conclusion

If you’re a healthcare provider, first responder, or medical student, it’s important to ensure your BLS certification—and your basic lifesaving skills—are up-to-date. To begin comprehensive and cost-effective training for yourself or your workforce, or to learn more about BLS recertification online, contact Advanced Medical Certification today. Share a story of starting your BLS certification.

About Greta

Greta is a dedicated life saver and a distinguished expert in the field of medical content creation and editing. Her impressive array of certifications in ACLS, CPR, PALS, and BLS underscores her commitment to excellence in the medical field. With over four years of invaluable experience in medical education, Greta plays an indispensable role within the Advanced Medical Certification team, shaping the way healthcare professionals around the world acquire and apply vital knowledge.

Greta's profound expertise serves as the driving force behind the development and distribution of medical content that has significantly enhanced the capabilities of countless healthcare practitioners across the globe.

In addition to her medical qualifications, Greta holds a prestigious academic distinction in Marketing and Global Business from Vilnius University. Her academic journey has been enriched by immersive studies in Slovakia and Portugal during her time as an exchange student, providing her with a global perspective that complements her medical expertise.

Beyond her professional commitments, Greta possesses a genuine passion for global exploration, with a particular focus on immersing herself in diverse cultures and appreciating the intricacies of the natural world. While residing in Vilnius, Lithuania, she continues to make substantial contributions to the field of medical education, leaving an indelible mark on the sector.

Reach out to Greta at greta.kviklyte@advmedcert.com.

Vagal Maneuvers to Treat Supraventricular Tachycardia

Vagal Maneuvers to Treat Supraventricular Tachycardia

Photo of Greta

by Greta Kviklyte

Life Saver, AMC
Co-authored by Kim Murray, RN, M.S.

posted on Nov 27, 2021, at 4:42 am

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Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), sometimes called paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, refers to a group of conditions affecting the upper chambers of the heart (atria). These conditions occur due to faulty electrical signaling within the heart and cause the heart to beat unusually fast, for as little as a few seconds to as much as a few hours or days.

SVT is rarely fatal, but it can lead to signs and symptoms that are uncomfortable and distressing, including chest pain, shortness of breath, sweating, lightheadedness, dizziness, fainting (syncope) or near fainting, fatigue, pulsing sensations in the neck, and heart palpitations (the feeling that the heart is fluttering, pounding, murmuring, throbbing, or skipping a beat).

To help people manage SVT, doctors rely on multiple interventions including medications, procedures like ablation or electrocardioversion, and vagal maneuvers. One benefit of vagal maneuvers is that patients can learn how to perform these maneuvers on their own, which helps them manage their supraventricular tachycardia symptoms at home.

This blog post discusses what vagal maneuvers are, how they are used to help slow down a person’s heartbeat, and what safety considerations patients and medical providers should be aware of before using vagal maneuvers as part of the first-line treatment for tachycardia.

Did You Know?

old man consulting a doctorThe normal resting heartbeat of an adult is between 60 and 100 beats per minute. The normal resting heart rate of an infant (birth to about 3 months of age) ranges from 100 to 150 beats per minute. Between one and three years of age, a child’s resting heart rate should fall between 70 and 110 beats per minute.

By the time a child reaches age 12, their resting heart rate more closely resembles an adult’s, ranging from 55 to 85 beats per minute.

SVT is the most common kind of abnormal heart rhythm in children. But while abnormal heart rhythms can lead to cardiac events in children and infants, SVT is almost never life-threatening in kids or adults.

Understanding Vagal Maneuvers and Their Role in SVT

The vagus nerve (also known as the tenth cranial nerve or CN X) is an important part of the body’s parasympathetic nervous system, which is the “rest and digest” part of the nervous system that facilitates relaxation. The vagus nerve—which travels from the brainstem to the abdomen—helps control things like mood, digestion, and immune function. It also innervates heart muscle fibers and helps control the heart rate.

Vagal maneuvers are techniques intended to stimulate the vagus nerve, which can help slow down electrical activity in a structure in the heart called the atrioventricular (AV) node. To understand why vagal nerve activation is important for managing supraventricular tachycardia, it’s helpful to know a little more about the different types of SVT.

The most common type of SVT is called atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT). AVRNT occurs when there is an extra electrical pathway (reentrant circuit) in or near the AV node that causes the heart to beat too fast.

Another type of SVT is called atrial tachycardia, which includes atrial flutter (the upper chambers of the heartbeat faster than the lower chambers) and atrial fibrillation (the upper chambers of the heartbeat fast and irregularly).

Common risk factors for SVT include family history, heavy smoking or alcohol use, excess caffeine, intense exercise, high stress, drug use, certain medications, pregnancy, advancing age, and underlying medical conditions like lung problems, obesity, thyroid diseases, or other heart valve diseases.

According to 2015 clinical guidelines from the American Heart Association, American College of Cardiology, and Heart Rhythm Society, SVT is common in both outpatient clinical practice and emergency medicine settings. These 2015 clinical guidelines also recommend vagal maneuvers as one of the first lines of treatment for people with SVT.

5 Vagal Maneuvers to Manage Supraventricular Tachycardia

In a 2014 review, Sohinki and Obel note that vagal maneuvers are effective at reversing SVT and returning the heart to a normal rate (sinus rhythm) about 25% of the time, on average. These maneuvers can be performed in a variety of ways. Five techniques are described here:

1. Valsalva Maneuver (Bearing Down)

Many people perform Valsalva maneuvers in daily life, such as when they are lifting something heavy or straining to defecate. Generally speaking, this technique involves a forceful attempt to breathe out even though the airway is closed.

To perform a Valsalva maneuver for SVT in the clinical setting, a patient should lay down in a semi-recumbent (partially reclined) position. They should forcefully exhale against resistance into a pressure measuring device called a manometer (or, alternatively, a large syringe) for about 15 seconds, generating a pressure of 40 mmHg.

Next, the patient lays flat and the provider passively raises the patient’s legs to about 45 degrees. After 15 seconds, the patient returns to the semi-recumbent position. During this maneuver, the patient’s heart rate, blood pressure, and other vital signs are monitored closely.

The Valsalva maneuver is expected to create a physiological response that can be broken down into four phases:

  • Phase 1: forced exhalation against resistance increases pressure inside the chest, which temporarily increases pressure inside the aorta (the main artery that carries blood away from the heart); to compensate for this increased aortic pressure, the heart rate decreases
  • Phase 2: the increased pressure inside the chest temporarily reduces the amount of blood flowing back to the heart (venous return) and therefore reduces the amount of blood pumped out by the heart (cardiac output); to compensate, the heart rate starts to increase again
  • Phase 3: at the end of the forceful exhalation, the pressure inside the aorta decreases, further leading to a compensatory rise in heart rate
  • Phase 4: having the patient lay flat with their legs raised increases the venous return to the heart, which again increases the aortic pressure and leads to a compensatory decrease in heart rate

If the Valsalva maneuver works correctly, a person’s heart should return to its normal resting rate once all four phases are complete.

2. Coughing

The Valsalva maneuver has a similar effect to sustained forceful coughing. One benefit of coughing is that it is usually easier for patients to do.

3. Cold Stimulus to the Face

The diver’s reflex, recognized as early as the 1700s, is a physiological reflex in humans and other mammals that is triggered in response to holding the breath while submerged in cold water. This causes the heart rate to decrease and the pressure inside peripheral veins to increase, which decreases the amount of work the heart has to do and therefore helps conserve oxygen.

People experiencing SVT can simulate their diver’s reflex by submerging their face in a container of ice or ice-cold water or putting an ice-cold washcloth or icepack on their face. Each type of cold stimulus should last about 10 seconds.

4. Carotid Massage

Only a trained medical professional such as a doctor should perform a carotid massage, which is done while the patient’s neck is extended back and turned away from the side being massaged. This maneuver may help treat SVT by stimulating nerve endings in the carotid arteries that tell the heart to slow down.

To perform this technique, a doctor moves his or her fingers in a gentle circular motion over the carotid artery just beneath the jaw for about 10 seconds. Only one side of the neck should be massaged at a time.

Carotid massage can be used to both diagnose and treat SVT.

5. Gagging

The gagging reflex

Gagging stimulates the vagus nerve and can stop an episode of SVT. A tongue depressor is briefly inserted into the patient’s mouth, touching the back of the throat, which causes the person to reflexively gag. The gag reflex stimulates the vagus nerve.

Precautions and Contraindications

Patient having a cardiac attackWhile they are simple, non-invasive, and generally effective, vagal maneuvers are not without risk. Patients should never attempt vagal maneuvers without the supervision of a medical provider.

For example, carotid massage is contraindicated in anyone who has a history of ventricular fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia, or in anyone who has had a heart attack, stroke, or transient ischemic attack (TIA or mini-stroke) less than three months ago.

Valsalva maneuvers are contraindicated in patients who have SVT along with:

  • An acute heart attack
  • Unstable blood pressure (e.g., systolic blood pressure less than 90 mmHg)
  • Aortic stenosis
  • Carotid artery stenosis
  • Certain eye disorders, including glaucoma or retinopathy

Vagal maneuvers may also lead to adverse events including, syncope or heart block (when the electrical signals to the heart are blocked).

One 2018 case report by Nakamori et al described the case of a 79-year-old male who developed atrial fibrillation after performing the Valsalva maneuver when he had SVT following heart surgery. Atrial fibrillation is widely considered the most dangerous type of SVT since it can lead to potentially fatal complications including heart failure, blood clots, and stroke. In this particular case, doctors used medication to help restore the patient’s normal heart rate, which returned within four hours.

Other Treatment and Prevention Options for SVT

As noted, current research suggests that the effectiveness of vagal maneuvers to treat SVT is about 25%, with a success rate ranging from as low as 6% to as high as 54%, depending on the study. What this suggests is that other interventions are often necessary to help terminate tachycardia and reestablish a normal heart rhythm.

These interventions may include:

  • Medications, including adenosine and amiodarone
  • Cardioversion, in which an electric current is delivered to the heart via patches or paddles on the chest, which helps “shock” the heart back into a normal rhythm
  • Ablation, in which a doctor inserts a thin flexible tube called a catheter through a vein or artery (usually in the groin), then uses cold or heat sensors on the end of the catheter to create tiny scars in certain parts of the heart to block faulty electrical signals

In rare instances, some people who experience SVT are treated with a pacemaker. A pacemaker is a small device implanted beneath the skin near the collarbone that helps control a person’s heartbeat.

Individuals can also reduce their risk of SVT and prevent future episodes by making simple and healthy lifestyle changes. This includes:

  • Understanding what causes tachycardia for them (identifying personal triggers)
  • Not smoking
  • Minimizing or eliminating alcohol and caffeine
  • Managing stress levels
  • Getting enough sleep
  • Maintaining a healthy weight (a 2018 study published in The American Journal of Cardiology with more than 67,000 participants found that people who are obese were 40% more likely to develop atrial fibrillation than people who weren’t obese)
  • Using medications only as prescribed and knowing which kinds of medications can lead to a rapid heart rate, including antidepressants, blood pressure medications, and even over-the-counter decongestants or cold medications
  • Avoiding illegal drugs, including cocaine, ecstasy, or methamphetamines
  • Managing other underlying health conditions with the help of a medical provider

Not only can these healthy lifestyle choices help reduce the risk of SVT, but they can also improve overall cardiovascular health.

Conclusion

SVT includes a group of conditions that can cause an abnormally fast heartbeat that can come and go or persist for hours or days. Associated SVT symptoms like lightheadedness, fatigue, and shortness of breath can be incredibly distressing—and can be caused by other health conditions, too. So, always speak with a doctor to get a proper diagnosis.

It’s important to remember that SVT is usually not life-threatening on its own, but certain subtypes of SVT (e.g., atrial fibrillation) may increase the risk of potentially fatal conditions like blood clots, heart attack, or stroke. To learn skills that could save a life, or to update or renew a CPR or First Aid certification conveniently and completely online check Advanced Medical Certification. Share your story of how CPR or First Aid training helped you.

About Greta

Greta is a dedicated life saver and a distinguished expert in the field of medical content creation and editing. Her impressive array of certifications in ACLS, CPR, PALS, and BLS underscores her commitment to excellence in the medical field. With over four years of invaluable experience in medical education, Greta plays an indispensable role within the Advanced Medical Certification team, shaping the way healthcare professionals around the world acquire and apply vital knowledge.

Greta's profound expertise serves as the driving force behind the development and distribution of medical content that has significantly enhanced the capabilities of countless healthcare practitioners across the globe.

In addition to her medical qualifications, Greta holds a prestigious academic distinction in Marketing and Global Business from Vilnius University. Her academic journey has been enriched by immersive studies in Slovakia and Portugal during her time as an exchange student, providing her with a global perspective that complements her medical expertise.

Beyond her professional commitments, Greta possesses a genuine passion for global exploration, with a particular focus on immersing herself in diverse cultures and appreciating the intricacies of the natural world. While residing in Vilnius, Lithuania, she continues to make substantial contributions to the field of medical education, leaving an indelible mark on the sector.

Reach out to Greta at greta.kviklyte@advmedcert.com.

Which Certifications are Required to Become a Medical Assistant?

Which Certifications are Required to Become a Medical Assistant?

Photo of Greta

by Greta Kviklyte

Life Saver, AMC
Co-authored by Kim Murray, RN, M.S.

posted on Nov 23, 2021, at 2:32 am

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So, you’re interested in working in health facilities with doctors, nurses, patients, and other health care professionals, but don’t want to attend medical school because it’s time-consuming and expensive. Whatever the reason, consider becoming a medical assistant.

Medical assistants have no certification requirements, but there are different types of education, certifications, licensure, and training that are often recommended or offered by specific health care facilities. These can influence your professional career trajectory.

Read on to explore the education and certification requirements for this professional career path.

What Is a Medical Assistant?

female-surgeonMedical assistants usually take medical histories and vitals from patients. They may assist in more advanced ways like drawing blood and providing first aid as their skills advance. You may also handle important administrative, clerical and clinical tasks as you learn more on the job. You might work in a doctor’s office, community clinic, hospital, or another clinical setting.

A medical assistant must have specific personality and character traits as well as the skills needed for the job. First of all, you need to have a desire and passion to help, listen and guide any patient needing help.

A typical day involves moving quickly on your feet, solving various problems, practicing good communication among faculty, and keeping on your toes. You’re expected to perform a mix of administrative, clinical, and clerical tasks as needed by the employer, so your role may change from day to day.

This aspect of the job can keep medical assistance interesting. You’re often learning something new and adding to your responsibilities. That’s all good for advancing your career.

Listing every possible job duty of a medical assistant would be lengthy considering their valued and crucial position in the office. Above all, your roles will always be centered on the needs of the patient and the requests of the physician.

Is This a Good Career Path?

It can be for many people. Medical Assistants are in great demand. This professional career is growing 18% over the next 10 years, which is much faster than others.

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS.GOV), the US median salary for a medical assistant is around $17/hr plus good benefits as of 2020. Although it can vary a lot from state to state. In Washington, for example, $27/hr is more common but the cost of living is also higher.

This pay can vary based on education level, certification, experience, and job performance.

How Do You Become a Medical Assistant?

The answer to this question varies. But there are numerous steps you can take to improve employment opportunities.

On the one hand, most states don’t require you to have any formal education after high school to become a medical assistant. You do have to have graduated from high school or gotten your GED.

Many medical assistants become one by taking a position that requires no experience. They learn on the job. They then take on more responsibilities as they learn more. Once you’ve been working in this job for a few years, you might decide to become certified.

However, like many medical careers right now, things are changing for Medical Assistants.

Many employers now look for people who have completed more advanced training which can take one to two years.

According to a 2020 report conducted by the National Healthcare Association. 89% of employers now encourage their medical assistants to get certified if they aren’t already. 63% pay more to Certified Medical Assistants solely based on their professional certification.

Because your level of education and experience directly impact your pay, you’ll likely want to explore additional certifications to further your career. Note: The Bureau of Labor Statistics based its median pay rate above on the assumption that you are certified.

What Education Does a Medical Assistant Need?

There are essentially three types of voluntary medical assistant certification:

  • Registered Medical Assistant (RMA)
  • Certified Medical Assistant (CMA)
  • Certified Clinical Medical Assistant (CCMA)

These are offered by different certifying organizations. But they mostly consist of similar curriculum like anatomy and physiology, medical terminology, and other topics including first aid.

For example, the American Association of Medical Assistants offers a nationally recognized Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education Programs (CAAHEP) or Accrediting Bureau of Health Education Schools (ABHES) accredited programs to better prepare prospective medical assistants for their career.

Any graduate of the CAAHEP and ABHES programs is eligible to take the certification exam, which covers the program’s material.

Some of this content includes:

  • Pathology
  • Medical terminology
  • Keyboarding and computer applications
  • Record keeping
  • Coding

Aside from the program, you’ll complete a practicum. This is common in medical education and involves a hands-on application to show you can do what you’ve been learning in classwork in real life.

Your certification program may also require an internship or a number of years working as a medical assistant before you can become certified. For example, a potential RMA must have five years of experience as a medical assistant before applying to become an RMA.

Medical Assistant Vs. Certified Medical Assistant

healthcare-professionals-in-the-operating-roomWhile there are no certifications required to become a medical assistant, the material you learn in programs will be extremely beneficial to you and your potential employers. Certification helps you practice to the highest degree, whether you are training to become a medical assistant or a surgeon!

Generally, a Certified Medical Assistant has graduated from an accredited program and taken and passed the certification test.

According to the American Association of Medical Assistants (AAMA-NTL.org), a graduate of a program must take and pass the test within three years of completing their education. A CMA is good for 60 months (five years) and is renewed by re-taking an updated recertification test.

According to the AAMA website, you need a combination of administrative, clinical, and general credits, so be sure to check on the exact requirements of your certifying organizations.

CMA Vs. CCMA Vs. CMAA Vs. RMA

As a Medical Assistant, it’s essential to know what all these letters mean. It may come up in your job search and career.
The American Association of Medical Assistants isn’t the only organization that certifies medical assistants. That’s why the CMA isn’t the only certificate you might encounter.

The National Healthcare Association (NHA) and the American Medical Technologists (AMT) also certify medical assistants. A Registered Medical Assistant (RMA) obtains certification through AMT. A Certified Clinical Medical Assistant (CCMA) obtains certification through NHA.

The RMA, CCMA, and CMA will be considered interchangeable by most employers.

Another certificate through NHA is the CMAA. This is not a medical assistant certificate but could be confused with one.

A CCMA is a Certified Clinical Medical Assistant. Hence, their education focuses more heavily on the clinical side of being a medical assistant, but they can do everything a CMA or RMA can do. This is a medical assistant.

Alternatively, a CMAA is a Certified Medical Administrative Assistant. Their education focuses only on the administrative side, and they are not considered medical assistants despite having “medical” in the name.

This difference is reflected in the education requirement. You can complete a CMAA program in half the time because you’re only focusing on the administrative side of medical assistance. With that said, a CMAA can always learn the medical side on the job to expand their role in states that allow that.

How to Get Recertified

Recertification requirements are slightly different from the CMA vs. the CCMA.

CMA Recertification Process

Before taking the recertification test, the Certified Medical Assistant must acquire 60 recertification points (credits). You obtain these points by completing Continuing Education (CE) relevant to being a medical assistant. CE is also sometimes called CEU Continuing Education Units and CME Continuing Medical Education.

Sixty may sound like a lot. But keep in mind, most CEU courses will give you up to six credits and may only take 4-12 hours to complete. On top of that, these days, you can meet most of them 100% online in self-paced courses. Plus, you get to meet them over five years.

This continuing education requirement is typical for any certified professional. It ensures you’re staying current on best practices and procedures related to your scope of practice.

CCMA Recertification

The CCMA must renew every two years but are only required to obtain 10 CEU credits for their renewals. Like CMA recertification, you can take internal courses through the certifying organization, usually for a per-course fee, or complete outside courses and submit the certificate to them.

What If You Let Your Certification Lapse?

It would help if you always tried to complete all of your requirements well in advance of the deadline to avoid a lapse in your certificate. If it does lapse, you’ll owe a reinstatement fee, which is typically around $100 on top of your recertification fee, which runs around $200-300 dollars.

Word of caution: If you let your certificate lapse for more than 12 months, you may have to re-take certain courses and the original certification exam, which is a lot harder and more costly than the recertification process.

How to Obtain CEU the Easy Way

When you first get certified, two years or five years seems so far away. But it will quickly sneak up on you. So you need a plan to get as many CEU as possible as early as possible.

Taking online advanced medical courses to get medical certifications is one of the best ways to do this. Not only will these prepare you for seamless recertification. They provide you with invaluable medical education that you can use now to show your employer that you’re committed to learning more and doing the best job. This may also lead to additional responsibilities within the scope of medical assistance.

You can leverage this to further your career.

Blood Borne Pathogens Certification

As a medical assistant, you’re likely to be interacting with bodily fluids, including blood, bacteria, viruses, etc. It’s important that you know how to work with these possible contagions in a safe, sanitary, and OSHA-compliant way. In a bloodborne pathogens certification course, you learn how to do that.

This 100% online certification course can provide you with three credits toward your recertification as a Medical Assistant. In the course, you learn practical, real-world ways to work and prepare, store, and manage substances that may contain pathogens.

Even if you’re not currently up for recertification or have yet to become a Certified Medical Assistant, getting a Bloodborne Pathogens certificate looks great on your resume. Medical employers want to know that the people they’re hiring take the possible spread of disease seriously and know how to contain those risks.

CPR, AED, and First Aid Certification

Another great certificate for a Medical Assistant is CPR, AED, and First Aid. First of all, you’ll learn a lot of practical skills that Medical Assistants perform regularly, like maintaining a clean environment, checking vitals, assessing patient distress, managing trauma, and providing first aid for a variety of medical emergencies.

You’ll also learn how to properly perform CPR in a life or death situation and use an Automatic External Defibrillator (AED) to shock the heart back to a normal rhythm. This certification earns up to six CEU to put toward your recertification. They also look great on a resume.

Basic Life Support

Getting certified in BLS is the step up from learning bystander CPR and first aid. This course is designed for medical professionals like you who may need to assist doctors and nurses during a cardiac arrest or similar life-threatening event.

It’s important to mention that getting certified in BLS doesn’t mean you can perform medical procedures that are beyond what a medical assistant does. However, you’ll learn how doctors and nurses handle these events and better understand how you can assist during these high-pressure situations.

A BLS certification counts toward four CEU credits.

Other Advanced Medical Certifications

By far, the above three are the most important for a Medical Assistant. But you can certainly take more advanced courses for medical certifications. If you really want to challenge yourself, consider Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) and Pediatric Advanced Cardiac Life Support (PALS).

These courses will be more relevant to a registered nurse, doctor, or EMT because they describe advanced medical procedures. But once you’ve completed the others and want to take your understanding to the next level, these provide a more in-depth look at how to manage a life-threatening cardio-respiratory event.

Your Career Advanced

Medical assistance is a rewarding professional career. Like many career paths, obtaining additional certifications can help you advance and meet your life goals. Most importantly, you never want to stop learning because, the more you know, the better you’ll be able to support the patients you work with. Share with us your experience of becoming a medical assistant.

About Greta

Greta is a dedicated life saver and a distinguished expert in the field of medical content creation and editing. Her impressive array of certifications in ACLS, CPR, PALS, and BLS underscores her commitment to excellence in the medical field. With over four years of invaluable experience in medical education, Greta plays an indispensable role within the Advanced Medical Certification team, shaping the way healthcare professionals around the world acquire and apply vital knowledge.

Greta's profound expertise serves as the driving force behind the development and distribution of medical content that has significantly enhanced the capabilities of countless healthcare practitioners across the globe.

In addition to her medical qualifications, Greta holds a prestigious academic distinction in Marketing and Global Business from Vilnius University. Her academic journey has been enriched by immersive studies in Slovakia and Portugal during her time as an exchange student, providing her with a global perspective that complements her medical expertise.

Beyond her professional commitments, Greta possesses a genuine passion for global exploration, with a particular focus on immersing herself in diverse cultures and appreciating the intricacies of the natural world. While residing in Vilnius, Lithuania, she continues to make substantial contributions to the field of medical education, leaving an indelible mark on the sector.

Reach out to Greta at greta.kviklyte@advmedcert.com.